多体回收小型返回舱

把有些航天器(如空间站和侦察卫星等)上的物品返回地面,有两种方法可选用:一种是搭载天地往返运输系统返回,另一种是利用航天器上设置的专用返回舱返回。TAURUS和FAST是德国在80年代末设想的两种多体回收小型返回舱。它们预先装在空间站的贮存库中,需要时即可携带待返物品离开空间站、再入大气层并返回地面。文中主要介绍TAURUS返回舱的运行程序及主要构件(有效载荷舱、弹射装置及辅助设施等)。

MULTIBODY RECOVERY OF SMALL RETURN CAPSULES

Two possibilities exist for the return of payloads on spacecrafts from orbit to earth: 1)to return jointly with a earth - orbit transportation system or 2) to utilize dedicated return capsules available onboard a spacecraft. The FAST and TAURUS retrieval systems elaborated by MBB/ ERNO and OHB - system respectively in the late eighties are characterized by the advantage of frequent return opportunities for small payloads during a space station mission. This paper describes TAURUS mission scenario and the main system elements, i. e. the payload capsule, the ejection device and the support units.