弹射座椅不利姿态控制规律设计

弹射座椅在低空不利姿态下的弹射救生性能是第四代弹射座椅的关键技术,而控制规律算法设计则是姿态轨迹控制的核心问题。提出了一种全新的控制规律设计方法,通过建立弹射全过程的轨迹姿态仿真模型、设计控制参数寻优计算模型,得到离散化的最优控制参数集。利用基于误差逆向传播(BP)算法的多层前馈神经网络模型,获得弹射状态全区间范围内的连续性控制规律算法。以单滚转不利姿态为例,进行了控制规律算法的设计验证。结果表明,采用本文控制规律算法后,弹射座椅在最低安全救生高度性能指标上远远优于多模态控制规律、美俄联合研制的K36Л-3.5型座椅,并基本满足国军际的性能要求。设计方案简单明确,结果算法逼近理论最优值,可以为第四代弹射座椅控制规律设计提供一定的参考意义。

Design of control law for ejection seat under adverse attitudes

The escape performance of ejection seat under adverse attitudes is the key technology for the 4th generation ejection seat, and the design of control law algorithm is the core problem for attitude and trajectory adjustment. A new control law design method was presented. Firstly, a simulation model for the entire ejecting process was established and a control parameter optimization model was designed, through which an optimum parameter set was obtained as the discrete control law. Then, by utilizing multi-layer feedback of the error back propagation (BP) algorithm based neural network model, the ultimate continuous control law can be acquired under the whole ejecting conditions. The roll attitude ejecting condition was exampled to design and validate the approached method. The results indicate that the performance of ejection seat by adopting the control law designed by the proposed method is higher than the multi-mode control law and the K36Л-3.5 ejection seat, which also satisfies the performance demand of GJB under most conditions. Consequently, the design method is simple and clear, and the final algorithm is close to the theoretical optimum result. Therefore, it is proved to be a useful method for the design of the 4th generation ejection seat control law.