空中交通CPS级联失效与缓解策略

为有效缓解空中交通级联失效，改进传统负载-容量模型，并发现容量调节参数存在级联失效临界值；建立空中交通物理信息系统（CPS）模型，定义节点正常、拥堵和失效3种工作状态，提出度分配、介数中心性分配和剩余容量分配等节点流量分配策略，以此缓解航路网和管制网的级联失效，建立网络正常率指标来评估策略实施效果。以中国华东地区空中交通CPS为实例分析，结果表明:在节点介数中心性分配策略下，网络抵御级联失效的能力较强，最先从崩溃状态开始恢复；节点剩余容量分配策略下，各节点可以充分发挥接收额外流量的作用，网络级联失效最早恢复至正常状态，缓解效果较好。 

Air traffic CPS cascading failure and mitigation strategy

To effectively alleviate the cascading failure of air traffic, the traditional load-capacity model is improved, and the critical value of capacity adjusting parameter is discovered. An air traffic Cyber Physical System (CPS) model is built, and its nodes are defined to be in three states: normal, congested, and failed. Different flow allocation strategies, including degree allocation, betweenness centrality allocation, and remaining capacity allocation, are adopted to alleviate the cascading failure of air route network and air traffic control network, and the mitigation result is assessed by network normal rate. Taking air traffic CPS in East China as an analysis example, the results show that the network recovers first under betweenness centrality allocation, which suggests that it has good strength against cascading failure. Nodes' ability to receive additional flow is made full use of under remaining capacity allocation, and the network returns to normal state first, which indicates that the mitigation strategy is reliable.