未来智能空战发展综述

随着装备战斗力生成模式逐渐向机械化、信息化、智能化"三化融合"发展演变，未来航空主战装备的定位、形态及运用将可能发生根本性变革。为应对新时期空战任务所面临的环境高复杂性、博弈强对抗性、响应高实时性、信息不完整性、边界不确定性等一系列挑战，交叉融合人工智能理论与空战对抗技术，研发智能空战系统，将有望在下一代无人制空装备谱系中构建不对称"智能代差"，成为制胜未来空天战场的核心关键。本文完整梳理了智能空战研究的发展脉络，总结了以专家机动逻辑、自动规则生成、规则演进、机器学习等方法为代表的智能空战基础理论。从体系、应用及技术视角全面剖析了智能空战的发展趋势，以智能空战的不确定性、安全性、解释性、迁移性、协同性为切入点阐述了智能空战应用落地的若干问题，以期为未来智能空战技术研究勾勒出一条新的探索路径，为人工智能理论与航空科学技术的跨领域交叉融合提供新的发展思路。

A survey of air combat artificial intelligence

The development trend of future fighter jets has been evolving into mechanization, informationization and intelligence. Thus, essential revolution may be induced by the new application form of future fighter jets. Challenges of high complexity and opposability of the combat environment, real-time responses and incompleteness of the battle information are faced in such circumstances. The crossover of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and air combat might potentially dominate the next generation of air operation. This paper comprehensively sorts out the development history of modern air combat AI, and summarizes its theoretical foundations of represented by combat maneuvering logic, automatic confrontation-rule generation and evolution, and machine learning. The development trend of air combat AI is analyzed in terms of system, application, and technique. Several issues centered around the uncertainty, safety, interpretability, transfer ability, and coordination of air combat AI are elaborated. Moreover, an analysis of future air combat AI outlines a new path and provides inspiration for cross-field research of AI and aviation science and technology.