虑及板坯几何和性能波动的薄壁件塑性成形数值模拟研究进展

用于塑性成形的大型金属板坯存在不可避免的几何以及性能波动，其参数波动呈现很强的分散性和随机性，难以准确地定量表征。金属板坯几何和性能的波动会显著增加其在塑性成形中变形的复杂性，导致成形质量及成形极限下降，尤其是在具有强烈不均匀变形特征的薄壁件拉深、旋压等塑性成形中表现得更加明显，极大制约了大型薄壁件的精确成形。从板坯几何和性能波动的表征方法，虑及几何和性能波动的薄壁件塑性成形有限元模型建立、成形质量的影响规律、工艺参数设计及调控等方面综述了相关研究进展，并提出虑及几何和性能波动的薄壁件塑性成形研究中仍面临的难题与挑战，对发展薄壁件塑性成形理论与技术具有重要指导意义和参考价值。

Advances in numerical simulation of plastic forming of thin-walled components considering blank geometry and performance fluctuation

Thin-walled metal blanks have inevitable fluctuations in geometry and performance parameters. The fluctuating parameters show strong dispersion and randomness, and are difficult to be accurately and quantitatively characterized. The fluctuation significantly increases the complexity of deformation of metal blanks in plastic forming, resulting in a decrease in forming quality and forming limit, especially in stamping and spinning of think-walled components with the characteristics of strong non-uniform deformation. Precise forming of thin-walled metal components is thus greatly restricted. This paper summarizes relevant research on characterization of geometry and performance fluctuation of the blank, the finite element model for plastic forming of thin-walled components considering blank geometry and performance fluctuation, influencing laws of the forming quality, and design and control of the technological parameters. The key problems and challenges are also discussed, providing a fundamental guidance for plastic forming of thin-walled components.