空间高能质子对航天器材料损伤的仿真分析

近地空间是各种载人飞船、应用卫星、空间站的主要活动区域,区域内存在大量由地磁场捕获的高能带电粒子,严重影响航天器和航天员的安全。为此,需要对内辐射带低高度空间的高能带电粒子环境及其通量分布进行研究。如何对质子进行有效屏蔽对空间辐射防护有重要的研究意义。文章针对粒子在空间环境中的辐射,简要介绍了质子在空间环境中的分布情况及在物质中的传输问题。利用SRIM软件模拟质子在不同材料(铝、聚乙烯)中输运过程。根据得到的射程与能量关系及对阻止本领的分析,从理论上提出航天器防护的合理方案。

The simulation analysis of high-energy proton damage to aluminum and polyethylene

Near-Earth space swarms with various application satellites, manned spacecraft, manned space laboratory. Large numbers of high-energy particles captured in the magnetic field seriously affect the safety of spacecraft, detection equipment and astronauts. So, it is necessary to study the high-energy charged particle flux distribution and the environment of a high degree of internal radiation and of low altitude. This paper studies particles in a space radiation environment, proton distribution in the space environment and the transmission in materials. Simulations are carried out using Geant4 packages for the transport process of proton in different materials (aluminum, polyethylene). According to the range and energy relations and the analysis of energy deposition, a program is proposed for protection of the spacecraft.