高层建筑火灾中防烟空气幕实验

高层建筑火灾中,烟气是影响人员疏散及造成人员伤亡的主要原因.文中从理论上分析与比较了目前世界各国在高层建筑中所采用的防排烟模式与防烟空气幕的优缺点,从理论上解释了防烟空气幕的合理性与可行性.根据防烟空气幕的理论计算确定空气幕流量、吹风口宽度和风口射流速度并进行实验.实验结果表明,当空气幕流量与烟气流量之比为0.6左右,空气幂射流厚度在25-45 mm且射流角度在25°-35°之间时,空气幕对烟气能起到很好的阻隔作用.由于空气幕的卷吸作用,防烟效果只能达到98%.实验结果验证了本文理论计算的正确性.

EXPERIMENT OF SMOKE-PREVENTING AIR CURTAINS IN HIGH-RISE BUILDING FIRES

In high-rise building fires,the most immediate threat to passenger life and safety evacuation is the smoke inhalation.Some traditional models for smoke prevention and exhaust are analyzed and compared with the smoke-preventing air curtain.The rationality and the feasibility of the air curtain are theoretically expounded.The air volume,tuyere width and jet velocity in the air curtain experiment are designed according to the theoretical calculation model.Experimental results indicate that the effect of air curtain to prevent smoke diffusion is remarkable as the volume ratio of air-smoke is about 0.6,the jet angle is between 25° and 35°,and the jet thickness is between 25 mm and 45 mm.The efficiency of air curtain can reach 98% on the entraining effect.Meanwhile,experiments verify the theorectieal calculation.