天基空间碎片光学探测影响因素分析及仿真

光学手段在天基空间碎片探测中被广泛应用，但容易受到杂光等因素影响。结合在轨试验数据，从探测器和碎片两方面分析了影响天基空间碎片光学探测的因素。影响探测器探测效果的因素包括太阳光、月光、地气光、大气辉光等杂光及南大西洋异常区辐射等；影响碎片可见性的因素包括地球遮挡、地影及反射的太阳光等。分别给出了上述影响因素涉及的特征量及规避影响的计算方法。基于某天基探测设备的仿真结果表明，上述影响在自然交会及姿态机动模式下均可能发生，在试验设计时需被充分考虑。最后，针对某天基空间碎片探测任务进行了规划。文章对天基光学探测试验设计具有一定的指导意义。

Analysis and simulation of influence factors of space based optical space debris detection

Optical methods are widely used in space based space debris detection, but they are vulnerable to stray light and other factors The factors which affect space based optical space debris detection are analyzed from the two aspects of detectors and debris based on the experimental data The factors affecting the detection effect include stray light such as sunlight, moonlight, earth atmosphere light and airglow, as well as radiation in South Atlantic Anomaly region The factors affecting the visibility of debris include earth occlusion, earth shadow and reflected sunlight At the same time, the characteristic quantities involved in the above factors and the calculation methods to avoid the effects are put forward The simulation results of a space based detection equipment show that the above effects may occur in both normal rendezvous and attitude maneuver modes, so that they should be fully considered in the experiment design Finally, a space based space debris detection mission is planned The article has certain guiding significance for the experiment design of space based optical detection.