纤维金属层板的开发和应用现状

随着我国航空航天领域器械的飞速发展,对该领域中结构件所用材料的综合性能及轻量化提出了新的要求。在过去几十年里,大型客机的市场需求不断扩大,刺激了新型材料的兴起,使材料向着高性能,轻质量发展。纤维金属层板是由铝合金与纤维预浸料交替铺层固化而成的层间混杂复合材料。纤维金属层板结合了金属与复合材料的优良特性,具有密度小、损伤容限优良、抗冲击和疲劳性能,越来越受到航天航空和轨道交通领域的关注。目前用于商业生产的金属纤维层压板(FMLs)多以基于芳纶纤维(ARALL)与基于高强玻璃纤维(GLARE)的层板为主。概括了纤维金属层板的制备前表面处理工艺,对其弯曲测试、拉伸测试、冲击测试和疲劳测试等力学性能的测试方法进行综述,同时对未来新型纤维金属层板的开发进行探究,为纤维金属层板的开发提供参考信息。

Development and application of fiber metal laminates

With the rapid development of aerospace equipment in China, new requirements have been put forward for the comprehensive properties and lightweight of the materials used in the structural parts in the above fields. In the past decades, the market demand for large passenger aircraft has been expanding, which has stimulated the rise of new materials, and made materials develop towards high strength and light weight. The fiber metal laminate is an interlayer hybrid composite material made of aluminum alloy and fiber prepreg. Fiber metal laminates combine the excellent properties of metal and composite materials, with low density, excellent damage tolerance, impact resistance and fatigue performance, and have attracted more and more attention in the aerospace and rail transit fields. At present, most of the metal fiber laminates (FMLs) used in commercial production are mainly ARALL based on aramid fibers and glass reinforced aluminum laminates(GLARE) laminates based on high-strength glass fibers. This paper summarizes the preparation process of fiber metal laminates, summarizes the test methods of mechanical properties such as bending test, tensile test, impact test and fatigue test, and explores the development of new fiber metal laminates in the future so as to provide reference information for the development of fiber metal laminates.