氡活度的绝对测量方法

为了准确测量氡活度,国内外研发了多种氡活度测量方法。传统的测量方法如电离室测氡法与闪烁室测氡法等都是氡活度相对测量方法,具有不确定度较高,定值溯源依赖于镭标准物质的特点。本文介绍了近年来氡活度的绝对测量方法,包括冷凝小立体角绝对测量法、多电极正比计数管绝对测量法以及小闪烁室绝对测量法。通过对其原理和实验装置的调研和分析,比较归纳了各种绝对测量方法的特点。

Research on Absolute Measurement Methods of Radon Activity Measurement

In order to accurately measure the radon activity,different methods of radon activity measurement were established in all countries.The traditional methods of radon measurement,including the ionization chamber method and the scintillation chamber method of radon measurement are used as relative method of radon activity measurement,with a higher degree of uncertainty,and the value of the source depends on the characteristics of standard material of radium.In this paper,the absolute measurement methods of radon activity measurement are introduced in this paper,comprising the absolute measurement method of condensation small solid angle,the absolute measurement method of multi-electrode proportional counter and the absolute measurement method of small scintillation chamber.Through the introduction and analysis of the theory and experimental device,the characteristics of various absolute measurement methods are discussed and compared.