基于最小轨道交叉距离的小行星顺访探测目标预筛选方法

小行星探测有助于研究太阳系演化等重要科学问题，在深空探测任务转移途中实施小行星顺访探测可增加科学研究回报。直接通过轨道递推筛选小行星探测目标计算量大、效率低，针对该问题提出了基于最小轨道交叉距离的目标预筛选方法。在推导出适用于计算双曲线轨道的最小轨道交叉距离公式后，将此理论应用到小行星顺访探测目标筛选中。首先基于探测器与小行星轨道的形状、空间位置计算二者轨道在空间中的几何最近距离，预筛选出可能满足接近距离标准的小行星目标；然后基于轨道递推模型，筛选出真实最近距离小于可接近标准的目标小行星。仿真结果显示，基于最小轨道交叉距离的预筛选方法可有效减少计算量，降低计算时间，提高小行星顺访目标筛选的效率。 

Target Pre-screening Method for Asteroid Exploration Based on Minimum Orbital Intersection Distance

Asteroid exploration helps to study important scientific issues such as the evolution of the solar system, and the implementation of asteroid exploration during the transfer of deep space missions can increase scientific returns. Aiming at the problem of large calculation amount and low efficiency in the primary selection of asteroid exploration targets directly through orbit recursion, a target pre-screening method based on the minimum orbital intersection distance is proposed. After the formula for calculating minimum orbital intersection distance for hyperbolic orbit is derived, the theory is applied to the screening of asteroid exploration targets. Firstly, based on the shape and spatial position of the orbits of the probe and the asteroids, the geometric closest distances between their orbits are calculated, and the asteroid targets that may meet the approach distance criteria are pre-screened. Then, based on the orbit recursive model, the target asteroids whose real closest distance to the probe is less than approach distance criteria are selected. The simulation results show that this pre-screening method based on the minimum orbital intersection distance can effectively reduce the amount of calculation and reduce the calculation time, thus improving the efficiency of asteroid target determination.