基于球堆叠的月壤蓄热器传热特性数值研究

月壤蓄热是月球原位资源利用的一种重要方式，也是解决未来月球基地能源需求的最具潜力的途径之一。针对月壤蓄热过程，建立了基于球形堆叠的月壤蓄热器多孔介质蓄热模型。蓄热器的壳体采用登月舱下降级的燃料罐，流体传热介质采用氦气。通过数值模拟的方法研究了不同流动压降下月壤蓄热球堆叠方式、球直径对蓄热器传热过程的影响规律和机理，并分析了蓄热动态过程。研究结果表明，月壤蓄热球在简单立方体均匀堆叠（SC）和面中心立方体均匀堆叠(FCC)两种方式下，SC堆叠方式的综合蓄热指数比FCC模式可提高302%；同时还发现月壤蓄热球的直径存在最优值，可使得蓄热器在单位泵功下获得最大的蓄热量，并且该最佳值随着流体进出口压差增加而减小。该研究可为未来月壤蓄热器的设计和优化提供理论指导。

Numerical research on heat transfer characteristics of regolith thermal energy reservoir based on spherical stacking

Regolith thermal energy reservoir is an important way of in situ resource utilization on the moon, and is also a potential method to solve the energy demand of future lunar base construction. A porous medium model of regolith thermal energy reservoir based on spherical stacking was established to simulate the flow and heat transfer process numerically. The shell of the thermal energy reservoir is a fuel tank of descent module, and the helium is used as the working heat transfer medium. Numerical study was carried out to investigate the effects of the stacking mode and diameter of regolith balls on the heat transfer process of the thermal energy reservoir under different flow pressure drop, and the dynamic process of the thermal energy reservoir was analyzed. The results show that the coefficient of heat storage performance (CHSP) of the simple cubes(SC) model is 302% higher than that of the face centered cubes(FCC) model. It is also found that there is an optimal diameter of the regolith ball, which can make the thermal energy reservoir obtain the maximum heat storage under the unit pump power, and the optimal value decreases with the increase of inlet and outlet pressure difference of the fluid. This study can provide theoretical basis and guidance for the design and optimization of regolith thermal energy reservoir.