高比冲霍尔推力器启动特性研究

高比冲霍尔推力器从霍尔推力器研制初期就得到重视，但是与工程应用相关的参数对比、电流变化和振荡特性特的研究较少。通过测量推力器在不同工况下推力大小、电流变化和电流振荡波形，给出了HET 80HP高比冲霍尔推力器的性能特点和启动特性。研究结果表明,HET 80HP高比冲霍尔推力器相对于传统霍尔推力器，在较大流量和较高放电电压工况下具有更好的性能。冷启动时，正常磁场情况下放电电流存在电流尖峰，并且需要较长的时间才能达到相对稳定。不同磁场位形热启动情况下电流的变化过程表明，电流尖峰是否存在主要与磁场位形有关，启动时温度的高低与电流尖峰是否存在没有明显关系。此外，通过对比不同磁场下推力器比冲和平均频率的变化可知，推力器低频振荡平均频率的高低能够较好地反映推力器比冲的大小。

High specific impulse Hall thruster startup characteristics

High specific impulse Hall thrusters have been valued from the early stage of the development of Hall thrusters, but there are few studies on parameter comparison, current changes and oscillation characteristics related to engineering applications. The performance and startup characteristics of HET 80HP high specific impulse Hall thruster were given by measuring the thrust, current variation and oscillation of the thruster under different working conditions. The research results show that HET 80HP high specific impulse Hall thruster has better performance than the traditional Hall thruster under the conditions of large flow rate and high discharge voltage. During cold start, there is a current spike in the discharge current under normal magnetic field conditions, and the current takes a long time to achieve relative stability. The variation of current during the hot start of different magnetic field configurations indicates that the presence of current spikes is mainly related to the magnetic field configuration and has no obvious relationship with the startup temperature. In addition, by comparing the difference in thruster specific impulse and average frequency under different magnetic fields, it can be seen that the average frequency of low frequency oscillation of thruster can better reflect the magnitude of thruster specific impulse.