新型加热器在运载火箭绿色单元发动机上的应用

运载火箭用绿色单元发动机需要预热达到120℃以上才能正常起动,为了降低发动机的加热功耗,开展了新型高效加热器的研究。根据加热器的工作特点,提出了管式和弧式两种加热器结构,外壳都采用高温合金。通过发动机数值仿真与发动机高空热试车相结合的方式进行了对比分析考核,结果表明:两种加热器都通过了热试车考核,在相同的加热功率与加热时间条件下,弧式加热器对发动机的加热效果更好,能够降低发动机加热功率和缩短加热时间,已成为运载火箭使用的方案。

Application of New Type Heaters in the Green Monopropellant Thruster of Launch Vehicle

The green monopropellant thruster of launch vehicle needs to be preheated to over 120 ºC to start normally. In order to reduce the heating power consumption of the thruster, the research on new type heaters with high efficiency is carried out. According to the working characteristics of heaters, two types of heaters, i.e., arc type and pipe type, are proposed, the shells of which are both made of high temperature alloys. The combined approach of numerical simulation and high altitude thermal test is carried out on the thrust to comparatively analyze and examine the two types of heaters. The results show that both heaters pass the thermal test examination. Besides, under the same conditions, the heating effect of the arc heater is better. It can reduce the heating power and shorten the heating time, and has become one of used schemes for launch vehicle.