单供应商/多零售商供应链信息共享价值研究

本文研究的两级供应链模型 ,包含一个供应商和多个零售商 ,零售商之间的需求是相关需求 ,供应链成员用AR( 1 )需求模型进行需求预测。研究了两种信息共享情况 :( 1 )当需求信息不共享时 ,零售商仅仅传递给供应商订单信息 ;( 2 )当需求信息共享时 ,零售商传递给供应商订单信息和需求预测信息。研究表明共享需求信息可以降低供应商的平均库存和平均成本 ,而零售商不能直接从中获益。但是 ,供应商可以通过缩短零售商的订货提前期 ,从而降低零售商的平均库存和平均成本 ,使零售商能积极共享需求信息 ,从而使供应链双方都能从信息共享中获益

RESEARCH ON VALUE OF INFORMATION SHARING IN ONE SUPPLIER-MULTIPLE RETAILER SUPPLY CHAIN

Prior research has generally focused on models involving a single or multiple retailers with independent demands. The value of demand information sharing is analyzed in a two-level supply chain involving one supplier-multiple retailer model in which retailer demands may be correlated. Each member in the supply chain forecasts its demand using an AR(1) demand process. Two conditions of the information sharing are considered: (1) Without the information sharing, the retailers only communicate their orders to the supplier. (2) With the information sharing, retailers communicate their orders and forecasting models to the supplier. Analyses show that the reductions of supplier′s average inventory and average costs are substantial with the information sharing. However, the retailers donot get direct benefit from the information sharing. The retailers may ask the supplier to reduce the replenishment leadtime, so that the retailers will obtain substantial cost savings and inventory reduction. Both partners may obtain benefits when information sharing and leadtime reduction are implemented together.