单站发射多站接收的空间目标激光测距技术

激光测距作为空间目标测定轨精度最高的技术，对非合作目标的测量精度比微波雷达、光电探测等技术高1～2个数量级，非常有利于非合作目标的精密定位、轨道复核及精确编目，保障在轨空间飞行器的安全。激光在非合作目标表面会发生漫反射，返回光斑弥散、回波微弱，采用大口径望远镜接收系统是必要的。鉴于大口径望远镜研制难度大，提出基于单站发射多站接收的空间目标激光测距新方法，即采用多接收望远镜增加接收面积，实现目标测量能力提升。通过分析单站发射多站接收的激光测距技术特点，基于双望远镜系统开展空间合作目标测量实验，验证了多望远镜接收激光信号的可行性，为该测距技术发展奠定了实验基础。

Laser Ranging Technology with Parallel Multi-Telescope Reception of Laser Transmitting from One Telescope

Laser ranging technology can be used to accurately measure the orbit of space objects with observation pre cision 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of microwave radars and photo electronic detection technology. Therefore, it is highly helpful to precise positioning, orbit checking and cataloging of space obiects and to assurance of the safety of spacecraft in orbit. Laser is diffusely reflected by the surface of non-cooperative objects, so the echo is rather weak and it is necessary to use a large aperture telescope to receive the echoes. As it is extremely difficult to develop large aperture telescopes, the paper proposes a new laser ranging method with parallel multi telescope re- ception of laser transmitting from one telescope. The method effectively increases the receive area and measurement capabilities for non-cooperative objects. The technical characteristics of the new method are analyzed and its feasibil ity is validated by a laser measurement experiment with cooperative space objects based on dual receiving telescopes. The measurement results lay foundation for development of the technology.