Antarctic communication |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;2. Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;3. Gateway Antarctica, Department of Geography, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand;4. Norwegian Polar Institute, 9296 Tromsø, Norway;5. British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK;6. CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Centre for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research, Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Hobart, 7000 TAS, Australia;7. Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement, University of Grenoble Alpes/CNRS, 38 058 Grenoble Cedex 9, France;8. Grantham Institute and Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;9. School of Earth Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia;10. Environmental Studies Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA;11. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA;12. Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of International Relations South Asian University, Akbar Bhavan, Chankyapuri, New Delhi 110021, India;13. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China;14. Department of Geography, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK;15. Antarctic Research Centre, Victoria University of Wellington, 6140 Wellington, New Zealand;16. Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 23 rue Becquerel, 67000 Strasbourg, France;17. Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Département de Biologie Polaire, 8, quai Antoine 1er, MC 98000 Monaco, Principality of Monaco;18. Chilean Antarctic Institute, Punta Arenas, Chile;19. Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA;20. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research, c/o Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1ER, UK;21. University of California Los Angeles, Department of Geography, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;22. Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs Secretariat, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand;23. Department of Geophysics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA;24. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;25. Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia;26. Department of Phyics & Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;27. Merrimack College, 315 Turnpike Street, North Andover, MA 01845, USA;28. Polar Research Insitute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Pudong Xinqu, Shanghai Shi, China;29. School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;1. British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK;2. Australian Antarctic Division, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia;3. Institut Polaire Français Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV), CS 60075, 29280 Plouzané, France;4. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Geología y Geoquímica, 28049 Madrid, Spain;5. Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Postbox 6606 Langnes, 9296 Tromsø, Norway;6. Gateway Antarctica, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand;7. InBios-Centre for Protein Engineering, Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium;8. Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE-UC), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal;2. Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;1. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain;2. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK;1. Centre for International Law, Conflict and Crisis, Faculty of Law, University of Copenhagen, Karen Blixens Plads 16, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark;2. Copenhagen Business School, Denmark;3. University of Copenhagen, Denmark;4. Royal Danish Defence College, Denmark |
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| Abstract: | A reliable communication facility has been a major requirement for the setting up of remote research stations, particularly when it is in Antarctica, where the problems are more severe. None of the traditional communication equipment can effectively overcome the distances and elements covered.A new all solid-state generation of satellite communication equipment (Debeg 3211) is available today to meet the requirements of reliable communication—telex, voice and slow-scan video transmission. The equipment operates with all C- band (4–6 GHz) domestic satellites. This type of satellite terminal has opened up a whole new era of private reliable communications from Antarctica.Maritime satellite communication provides a number of advantages over the conventional radio communications. Among them are: - •instantaneous, high-quality service at any time of the day or night, unaffected by weather or ionospheric disturbances;
- •privacy of communications;
- •direct dial capability for voice and telex communications;
- •interconnection of services to the worldwide public telecommunications networks.
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