2012年3月9日中国某地球同步轨道卫星故障原因分析

利用GOES-15, SDO, SOHO卫星以及国际地磁台网的地磁活动指数数据, 对中国 某颗地 球同步轨道卫星(以GEO-X代替)在2012年3月9日02:50UTC发生的异常原因进 行了研究, 分析故障发生期间的空间天气特点, 采用文献[8]提出的SEAES-GEO空 间环境引起地球同步轨道卫星异常的专家系统对卫星故障期间的内部充电危 险系数、单粒子效应危险系数以及表面充电危险系数进行定量计算和危险等 级划分. 结果表明, 在卫星故障时刻, 其内部充电危险系数小于3, 表面充电危险 系数约为0.0011, 表面充电和内部充电不是造成GEO-X故障的原因; 受故障期间 质子事件影响, 单粒子效应危险系数持续维持在1以上, GEO-X卫星故障时刻单 粒子效应危险系数Z_SEE达到46.3, 正好处于单粒子效应危险等级的 红色阶段. 因此研究认为单粒子效应可能是造成本次卫星故障的主要原因.

Analysis of the Chinese GEO Satellite Anomaly on 9 March 2012

Based on the GOES-15, SDO, SOHO satellites and geomagnetic indices data, the Chinese GEO satellite anomaly on 9 March 2012 was studied. The space weather conditions at the time of the GEO-X satellite anomaly are being analyzed, and SEAES-GEO (Spacecraft Environmental Anomalies Expert System for Geosynchronous Orbit) method is used to calculate the internal charging hazard quotient, the single event effects hazard quotient and the surface charging hazard quotient. The hazard quotient was divided into three types with red-yellow-blue color coding which represents different hazard rating. Results showed that the hazard quotient for internal charging was less than 3 and the surface charging hazard quotient was about 0.0011, safely in the green at the time of the failure. The hazard quotient for single event effects reached 46.3, which was correlated to high energetic protons produced during solar flares, very danger in the red at the time of the failure. The results thus imply that the single event effect is quite probably the reason that caused the GEO-X satellite anomaly on 9 March 2012.