Kinetics of gas-Grain Reactions in the Solar Nebula |
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Authors: | Bruce Fegley Jr |
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Institution: | (1) Planetary Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, USA |
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Abstract: | Thermochemical equilibrium calculations predict gas phase, gas-grain, and solid phase reactions as a function of pressure
and temperature in the solar nebula. However, chemical reactions proceed at different rates, which generally decrease exponentially
with decreasing temperature. At sufficiently low temperatures (which vary depending on the specific reaction) there may not
have been enough time for the predicted equilibrium chemistry to have taken place before the local environment cooled significantly
or before the gaseous solar nebula was dispersed. As a consequence, some of the high temperature chemistry established in
sufficiently hot regions of the solar nebula may be quenched or frozen in without the production of predicted low temperature
phases. Experimental studies and theoretical models of three exemplary low temperature reactions, the formation of troilite
(FeS), magnetite (Fe3O4), and hydrous silicates, have been done to quantify these ideas. A comparison of the chemical reaction rates with the estimated
nebular lifetime of 0.1-10 million years indicates that troilite formation proceeded to completion in the solar nebula. Magnetite
formation was much slower and only thin magnetite rims could have formed on metal grains. Hydrous silicate formation is predicted
to be even slower, and hydrous silicates in meteorites and interplanetary dust particles probably formed later on the parent
bodies of these objects, instead of in the solar nebula.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | Solar Nebula Kinetics Thermochemistry Magnetite Troilite Water Hydrous Minerals Hydration Oxidation Volatiles Serpentine Talc Brucite |
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