静止气象卫星的功能及姿态稳定方式对功能的影响

<正> 一、前言国际电信联盟无线电规则把气象卫星业务定义为用于气象目的的地球探测卫星业务。但对静止气象卫星业务来说,气象业务部门希望它不仅要具有气象观测功能,而且要具有收集、传送和分发各种气象信息的功能。因此,静止气象卫星不仅是位于静止轨道上的空间气象观测平台,而且也是收集,传送和分发气象数据的中继站,其有效载荷主要是观测地球大气的各种遥感仪器及收集、传送和分发气象数据的通信系统。它兼有地球探测卫星和通信卫星的

THE FUNCTION OF GEOSTATIONARY METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE AND THE INFLUENCE OF ITS ATTITUDE STABILIZED STYLES ON ITS FUNCTIONS

The chief use of meteorological satellite data is in weather forecasting。 The successful forecasts require the observations of the atmosphere which are both detailed and up-to-date. It is necessary to rapidly collect the widespread data and to distribute the processed data to widespread users, so the meteorological services require that the geostationary meteorological satellite has two functions at least One is the meteorological observation, the other is the meteorological communication. Both of them are posessed of equal importance. Three-axis stabilized geostationary meteorological satellite has more advantages than the spin-stabilized geostationary meteorological satellite. It has better time-efficience, but less band width of the baseband signal of the original information, and better Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference (NEAT) for the infrared channels as well as better ratio of signal to noise (S/N) for the visible channels. It is applicable to meteorological observation and remote-sensing instrument which will be installed in the geostationary meteerological satellites in future, and it has nore communication capabilities for meteorological services。