Observations of the interactions of heavy ions from Comet P/Giacobini-Zinner with the solar wind |
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| Institution: | 1. Space Science Department of ESA, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands;2. Max-Planck-Institut für Aeronomie, Katlenburg-Lindau, F.R.G.;3. Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, U.K.;4. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, U.S.A.;5. Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.;1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia;2. Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia;3. Smart Materials Research Center (SMARC), Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia;1. Institut für Geophysik und extraterrestrische Physik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr. 3, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany;2. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr. 3, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany;3. DLR-Institut für Planetenforschung, Rutherfordstr. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany;1. Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Dorking, UK;2. Centre for Planetary Sciences at UCL/Birkbeck, University College London, London, UK;3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA;4. Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany;1. Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Avenue Circulaire 3, Brussels, Belgium;3. Physics Department, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden;4. Aalto University, School of Electrical Engineering, Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Espoo, Finland;5. Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | During the encounter between the ICE spacecraft and Comet Giacobini-Zinner, intense fluxes of energetic heavy ions were observed at distances up to 4 × 106 km from the comet. These ions were observed with steep energy spectra and highly anisotropic angular distributions, and are consistent with a composition comprising mainly ions from the water group. The flux versus time profiles have a general fall-off with increasing distance from the comet, but are modulated by both changes in the magnetic field direction and the solar wind velocity, the magnetic field variations being mainly responsible for variations on a time scale of minutes, and the solar wind velocity variations being responsible for much larger time-scale modulations, such as the inbound/outbound asymmetry of the intensity profile. In this paper we present correlated observations of heavy ions, the solar wind velocity and the magnetic field direction, and compare the observations of the ions with the theoretical predictions for their variations with distance from the comet, with the solar wind velocity and with the magnetic field direction. |
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