采用被动侧杆的民机设计中的人为因素考虑

与中央杆/盘或主动侧杆相比,被动侧杆的最大缺陷在于缺乏反驱装置,进而产生人-机交互信息以及主/副驾交互信息的缺失,增加了人为差错的出现概率;被动侧杆由于缺乏力反馈,会造成飞行员对触觉这一最直接信息的缺失,进而影响人-机操纵权限的分配。在民机设计中,可以考虑在被动侧杆上添加模式切换按钮,从而在保持飞行员超控权限和提供有效包线保护这两者间找到最佳平衡点。被动侧杆由于缺乏反驱装置,无法实现左、右侧杆的联动,因此更容易出现叠加操纵。在民机设计中,应当从视觉、听觉、触觉全方位对叠加操纵进行提示,同时借鉴已有的接替操纵操作程序,以提高飞行员的适应性。

Human Factor in the Passive Sidestick Design for Civil Airplanes

Comparing with the central stick/wheel or the active sidestick, the major disadvantage of the passive sidestick is the lack of back-drive mechanism, which leads to the loss of human-machine interactive information and the pilot/copilot interactive information, hence increasing the possibility of human errors. Without the feedback force from the sidestick, pilots have no direct tactile information, which will affect the distribution of human and machine control authority. In the design of civil aircrafts, it is suggested that a control mode switch be added to the passive sidestick, to make a balance between keeping the pilot＇ s override authority and providing the effective envelope protection. Since there is no linkage between the left and right sidesticks, unfavorable dual inputs will more likely occur. In the design of civil aircrafts, it is suggested that the visual, aural and tactile cues should be provided to the pilots synthetically, and the use of existing successful takeover operating procedure to increase the pilot＇ s adaptability.