地效飞机的纵向稳定性和气动布局特点研究

分析了地面效应对飞机气动力特性的影响,以及地效飞机不同于常规飞机的纵向稳定性准则,包括重心与迎角焦点和高度焦点的位置关系、影响其纵向稳定性的主要气动导数等。研究结果表明,地效区内飞机的气动力随高度呈非线性变化,而重心必须位于迎角焦点与高度焦点之间并且靠近高度焦点才能保证地效飞机的纵向稳定性。最后根据地效飞机的稳定性准则,讨论了保证地效飞机良好飞行品质的气动布局要求。

A Study on Longitudinal Stability and Configuration Characteristics of Wing-in-Ground Effect Craft

The influence of ground effects on aerodynamic properties of the WIG effect craft is presented.And the longitudinal static and dynamic stability criteria of the WIG effect craft is also investigated,including the favorable position of the center of gravity and the effects of major aerodynamic derivatives on static stability,which is different from general aircraft.The research result shows that the aerodynamics of WIG varies nonlinearly with height. And to ensure longitudinal dynamic stability,the center of gravity should be located between the aerodynamic center of height and angle of attack and close to the center of height.According to the longitudinal static and dynamic stability criteria of the WIG,the aerodynamic configuration requirements which can receive excellent flight qualities are discussed at last.