Space radiation effects on plant and mammalian cells |
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Authors: | C. Arena V. De Micco E. Macaeva R. Quintens |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy;2. Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy;3. Radiobiology Unit, Institute of Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK•CEN, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium;4. Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium |
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Abstract: | The study of the effects of ionizing radiation on organisms is related to different research aims. The current review emphasizes the studies on the effects of different doses of sparsely and densely ionizing radiation on living organisms, with the final purpose of highlighting specific and common effects of space radiation in mammals and plants. This topic is extremely relevant in the context of radiation protection from space environment. The response of different organisms to ionizing radiation depends on the radiation quality/dose and/or the intrinsic characteristics of the living system. Macromolecules, in particular DNA, are the critical targets of radiation, even if there is a strong difference between damages encountered by plant and mammalian cells. The differences in structure and metabolism between the two cell types are responsible for the higher resistance of the plant cell compared with its animal counterpart. |
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Keywords: | DNA damage Hormesis Microgravity Photosynthesis and plant anatomy Radioresistance Space radiation |
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