磁悬浮飞轮与机械飞轮干扰特性的对比分析

针对飞轮在工作过程中对航天器姿态控制精度和稳定度所产生的不利影响，提出使用干扰模型来对比分析和研究磁悬浮飞轮与机械飞轮的干扰特性。通过建立飞轮系统的数学模型，得到机械飞轮与磁悬浮飞轮的平动及转动的干扰特性，比较和分析两种飞轮干扰特性的相同点和不同点，运用试验对分析结果进行验证。研究结果表明，高速转子的不平衡振动是产生飞轮干扰的主要原因，机械飞轮由于支承的固有特性使得干扰的频率成分相对比较复杂，采用磁轴承使得高速转子与支承之间具有一定的间隙存在，所以转子的陀螺效应表现得更为明显，当飞轮转速达到转子系统反向涡动频率时会产生较大干扰。

Disturbance Characteristics Analysis of Magnetically Suspended and Mechanical Flywheels

Disturbance generated from flywheel will have bad effects on the attitude control precision and stability of spacecraft. Magnetically and mechanical bearings are mainly used to suspend the high speed rotor of the flywheel. The mathematical model of flywheel is founded and the disturbance characteristics of mechanical and magnetically suspended flywheels are also compared. At last, the experiments are performed and the corresponding theoretical results are tested. The research shows that the disturbance of the flywheel is generated mainly from the unbalance of the high speed rotor, and compared with the mechanical suspended flywheel whose disturbance contains complex frequency component the gyroscopic effect is stronger for the gap between the axis and the bearing in magnetically suspended flywheel.