空气预冷发动机及微小通道流动传热研究综述

首先针对发动机空气预冷系统的特点，将现有的预冷机制分为四种类型，包括燃料预冷、质量喷注预压缩冷却、燃料预冷和质量喷注预压缩冷却组合预冷以及其他流体预冷，并分别介绍了每种预冷机制的代表性发动机循环以及技术特点。调研发现，微小通道结构的预冷器具有很高的散热能力和紧凑度，优势显著。英国Skylon空天飞机的预冷却组合循环发动机（SABRE）其微通道结构预冷器具有极高换热能力。对SABRE的预冷器及相关研究进行详细分析，强调微小通道强化换热对提高发动机性能的重要作用。通过对微小通道中单相气态流动换热研究的调研发现，微尺度流动传热机理仍存在诸多分歧，理论发展不完善，需要深入开展微小通道强化传热研究，尤其对于高速高内外温差条件下微小尺度复杂结构空间内流动传热机理需要深入探索。

Review on Precooled Combined Cycle Engine and Mini and Micro Channel Flow Heat Transfer

The present survey firstly focuses on various types of air-breathing engine cycles. Four types of precooling schemes are proposed, the corresponding function characteristics are summarized respectively. The Synergistic air-breathing rocket engine (SABRE) of the British Skylon spaceplane and its application in micro-channel flow heat transfer are surveyed in detail. It is realized that the use of micro-channel can largely enhance the heat transfer efficiency and improve the engine performance. Moreover, based on a brief overview on the single phase gaseous flow heat transfer in mini-and micro-channels, many controversial conclusions are found in micro-scale flow heat transfer characteristics, thus requiring further investigation, especially under conditions of high-velocity and high-temperature gradient.