气体参数对气囊缓冲特性的影响分析

缓冲气囊具有系统简单、质量轻、贮存体积小等优点,在航天器的返回回收与探测器的着陆缓冲中有较广泛的应用。美国的＂探路者＂、＂机遇号＂和＂勇气号＂火星探测器都采用了缓冲气囊系统作为其着陆缓冲装置。文章通过流体力学和热力学的理论推导,提出了可能会对气囊的着陆缓冲过程产生影响的气体参数,通过MSC Dytran软件仿真计算了不同气体参数下球形火星着陆缓冲气囊的缓冲过程,并分析了各参数对气囊缓冲特性的影响。研究结果可以为后续的气囊设计及试验提供帮助,并为中国下一步开展火星着陆探测任务提供一定的参考。

Study on Gas Parameters Effect on the Airbag Landing Impact Characteristics

For airbag landing systems have such many advantages as simple structure, light mass, small storage volume etc., it has been widely applied in spacecraft landing. The ＂pathfinder＂, ＂opportunity＂ and ＂spirit＂ Mars explorers have used the airbag landing system to land Mars. In this paper, the theory of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics are used to study the gas parameters＇ effect on the airbag landing impact characteristics. Then, by using MSC Dytran, some simulation is done to calculate the influence of various parameters on the airbag landing impact characteristics. The research results can provide reference for airbag design and test in the future.