航空经济学及面向价值的飞机设计理论与实践

全球化的市场竞争是商用飞机产业的重要特征之一,对安全性、舒适性、经济性和环保性指标的不断追求推动着技术的不断进步及产业链的全球化发展。在飞机设计中,对经济性的考虑在航空技术和型号发展中的作用越来越突出,也是中国航空产业发展面临的重大挑战因素之一。在新技术研发决策及其在型号中的应用中,经济性考虑始终是决策的关键因素,本文综述航了空经济学的研究范畴和主要分析方法,及其对飞机概念设计、结构设计和系统选择等主要决策的影响,面向价值的设计理论和方法在飞机设计中的实践。希望本文的发表可以促进航空经济学的发展,相关方法可以在型号设计的最优综合评价中发挥作用,实现涵盖时间成本在内的综合评价指标最优的方案。可以预期,航空经济学的发展有助于提升中国航空制造业在竞争越来越激烈的全球航空产业链中的竞争力。

Aero-economics and value-driven aircraft design methodology and applications

Global competition is one of important features for commercial aircraft industry and increasing demands on less environmental impacts,improved safety and comfort levels and economy are the main drivers for new technology development and industrial chain globalization.Economics has become one of the increasingly important factors in the development of aerospace technology and products,and also one of the challenging issues for the aerospace industry in China.In the decision making process for new technology research and development and its applications in product development,economic consideration has always been one of the critical factors.The paper first describes the scope of the aviation economics,theories and methods used in typical analysis of aircraft economic indicators including direct operating cost for commercial aircraft and life cycle cost for defense projects.The paper also discusses the effects of different economic indicators on the conceptual aircraft design,structural design and choice of system supplier.Example applications areprovided in the paper in areas of aircraft conceptual design with both economic and environmental implications as well as the assessment on how future new technologies will affect the various cost values of the design.It is hoped that this review will promote the development of techno-economics,and some of these methods can be used in the comprehensive evaluation of optimal designs with economic indicators including time related cost.It can also be expected that the development of aero-economics should be able to promote the development of Chinese aerospace supply chain in an increasingly globalized industry.