High-Precision Laboratory Measurements Supporting Retrieval of Water Vapor,Gaseous Ammonia,and Aqueous Ammonia Clouds with the Juno Microwave Radiometer (MWR) |
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Authors: | Paul G. Steffes Thomas R. Hanley Bryan M. Karpowicz Kiruthika Devaraj Sahand Noorizadeh Danny Duong Garrett Chinsomboon Amadeo Bellotti Michael A. Janssen Scott J. Bolton |
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Affiliation: | 1.School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,USA;2.The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory,Laurel,USA;3.Planet Labs,San Francisco,USA;4.Tektronix Inc.,Beaverton,USA;5.MPR Associates,Alexandria,USA;6.Jet Propulsion Laboratory,California Institute of Technology,Pasadena,USA;7.Southwest Research Institute,San Antonio,USA;8.Abbott Medical Optics,Milpitas,USA |
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Abstract: | The NASA Juno mission includes a six-channel microwave radiometer system (MWR) operating in the 1.3–50 cm wavelength range in order to retrieve abundances of ammonia and water vapor from the microwave signature of Jupiter (see Janssen et al. 2016). In order to plan observations and accurately interpret data from such observations, over 6000 laboratory measurements of the microwave absorption properties of gaseous ammonia, water vapor, and aqueous ammonia solution have been conducted under simulated Jovian conditions using new laboratory systems capable of high-precision measurement under the extreme conditions of the deep atmosphere of Jupiter (up to 100 bars pressure and 505 K temperature). This is one of the most extensive laboratory measurement campaigns ever conducted in support of a microwave remote sensing instrument. New, more precise models for the microwave absorption from these constituents have and are being developed from these measurements. Application of these absorption properties to radiative transfer models for the six wavelengths involved will provide a valuable planning tool for observations, and will also make possible accurate retrievals of the abundance of these constituents during and after observations are conducted. |
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