星载光学敏感器受天体干扰的可能性分析

各种用途的星载光学敏感器均可能受到日、月、地等天体进入敏感区所形成的干扰．对光轴固定于星体的星敏感器,以及光轴在空间中保持方位不变的天文望远镜两类星载光学敏感器,根据敏感锥面和天体锥面之间的空间位置关系,导出了天体干扰的发生条件,给出了预测干扰发生时间的实用计算公式．

Analysis of Possibility of Disturbance From Celestial Bodies on Satellite-Carried Optical Sensors

The satellite-carried optical sensors with various objectives may be possibly disturbed by the entrance of celestial bodies, such as sun, moon and earth into the sensitive area of sensors. In this paper, two kinds of satellite-carried optical sensors are discussed. They are the star sensor with a sensitive axe fixed on the spacecraft, and the satellite-carried astronomical telescope with a sensitive axe fixed in the space. A sensitive sector area of the optical sensor in the ecliptic plane or in the moon's plane is defined as the projective of the sensitive cone of the sensor on these planes. The disturbance occurs when the satellite-sun or satellite-moon vector enters into the sensitive sector area of the star sensor. A disturbance cone of the earth is formed from the satellite-earth vector and the contour of the earch. The disturbance occurs when the disturbance cone intersects the sensitive cone of the telescope. Based on the geometric relationships the conditions of disturbance from celestial bodies on the satellite-carried optical sensors can be determined and some formulas are derived to determine the time of occurrence of disturbance.