The effect of vibrations on heterogeneous fluids: Some studies in weightlessness

Under weightlessness, the effect of harmonic vibrations can easily induce average motions in fluids with density inhomogeneities. We will consider more particularly pure fluids near their gas–liquid critical point, where the temperature variation of all important parameters (e.g. interfacial tension, density difference) follows universal, scaling laws. We will thus study, below the critical point, the ordering of the gas–liquid interfaces (at equilibrium and during the phase separation) and, above the critical point, some thermovibrational instabilities. These studies have been performed in the Russian MIR station and in the MiniTexus and Maxus rockets of ESA and under magnetic compensation of gravity on earth.