S/VTOL 战斗机及其推进系统的技术研究

短距起飞/垂直降落战斗机集固定翼和旋翼飞机的优势于一身,由于其出色的性能一直广受关注,但由于技术难度大,迄今为止,世界范围内仅有3型战斗机真正装备部队使用,分别是英国"鹞式"战斗机、前苏联雅克-38战斗机和美国F-35B战斗机。按照短距起飞/垂直降落战斗机推进系统提供升力和推力的方式,将其推进系统分为共用型、组合型和复合型3种类型。介绍了3种短距起飞/垂直降落战斗机推进系统的工作原理、应用和发展,并分析了其优缺点,给出了推进系统研制发展的启示及建议。

Technology of Short/Vertical Takeoff and Landing Fighter and Propulsion System

The short/vertical takeoff and landing （S/VTOL） fighter has the advantages of the fixed wing and the rotor wing fighter. The S/VTOL fighter has been received much attention for its excellent performance in the world, but there were only three types of S/VTOL fighter （＂harrier＂ ,Yak-38 and F-35B fighter）serviced in forces as yet because of the special technology difficulty. The propulsion systems of three types of fighter can be separately named the shared type, combined type and mixed type as the different ways of the lift force and propulsion force for the aircraft. The operation principle ,application and development of the three kinds of propulsion systems were described, the advantages and disadvantages were analyzed, and the experience and suggestion of the propulsion system development were presented.