高速高温流场电子能非平衡的数值模拟

采用描述电子能非平衡的三温度模型，结合11组分空气的化学反应模型，对多种高速高温热化学非平衡流场开展数值模拟，并与描述电子能平衡的两温度模型结果进行对比，研究电子能非平衡对高超声速流场特性的影响。圆球弹道靶试验算例表明电子能非平衡不影响激波脱体距离。RAM-C II飞行器的4个飞行工况算例表明，尽管两温度和三温度模型结果存在差异，但二者电子数密度分布的趋势和量级接近，均可与飞行试验数据保持一致，其中三温度模型的预测效果更好。FIRE II飞行器极高温流场模拟结果显示，电子能非平衡几乎不影响飞行器表面的对流传热。

Numerical simulation of electronic-electron energy nonequilibrium in high speed and high temperature flowfields

High speed and high temperature flowfields around several configurations are numerically investigated using different multi-temperature models and an 11-species finite rate chemical reaction model. The flowfields are computed by a multi-block finite volume CFD code. The three-temperature model including the process of electronic-electron nonequilibrium, together with the two-temperature model based on equilibrium electronic-electron state, are incorporated into the code. For the case of sphere ballistic range experiment, it is found that the shock standoff distance is not affected by the electronic-electron nonequilibrium. Numerical results of four flight condition for RAM-C II aircraft indicate that the distributions of electron number density predicted by the two multi-temperature models vary in a similar trend, whose values are in the same order of magnitude. Both results show good agreements with flight experimental data. The three-temperature model is capable of providing more accurate results than the two-temperature model. Numerical results of the FIRE II case yield similar distributions of surface heat flux by utilizing the three-temperature model and the two-temperature model, respectively.