用于飞机结构选材的系列材料性能指标及其应用

为提高飞机机体结构选材的合理性，从材料性能指标的角度出发，在材料比强度、比刚度的常用基本指标之外，结合飞机结构设计思想，提出了材料比疲劳强度、比静韧度、比动韧度、疲劳强度比、静韧强比、疲劳韧强比共6个材料性能指标的概念与计算方法。建立了基于系列材料性能指标的飞机结构选材方法，考虑飞机结构的设计准则及结构在实际使用过程中的功能需求，通过条件筛选缩小备选材料范围，依据系列材料性能指标进行材料对比排序，并通过结构验证确定最终选材。以某型飞机机翼大梁的选材过程给出了应用实例。

Series of material property indices and their application to materials selection for aircraft structure

In order to improve the rationality of materials selection for aircraft structure, considering from the viewpoint of material property indices, concepts and calculation methods of specific fatigue strength, specific static toughness, specific dynamic toughness, fatigue static strength ratio, toughness static strength ratio and toughness fatigue strength ratio are put forward apart from the common parameters of the specific static strength and the specific stiffness. A materials selection method based on the series of material property indices is established. This method firstly narrows the possible materials usable in design by considering the design criteria and actual in-service requirements, then ranks the candidates according to the series of material property indices and chooses the final material through structural validation. Finally, a material selection process for an aircraft wing spar is given as an example.