试论航天器环境可靠性试验

文章从航天器特点、航天器试验的目的和重要性、一般武器装备的可靠性试验状况以及可靠性试验的发展史出发进行分析,从而得出了可靠性是航天器试验的目的、环境是航天器试验的手段的结论。从这个意义上讲,称航天器的研制试验、鉴定试验、验收试验、发射前的合格认证和运行试验的试验项目和要求与各类组件级设备、各分系统、系统级组成的试验矩阵为航天器环境可靠性试验矩阵。每一项试验都是航天器环境可靠性试验的不可或缺的组成部分;减少试验类别或项目、或降低要求,虽然可以得到减少经费、缩短研制周期的好处,但势必要冒失效或性能降低的风险而付出应有的代价。

DISCUSSION ON SPACECRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL RELIABILITY TEST

It is concluded that ensuring the spacecraft reliability is the purpose of spacecraft testing,and the environment simulation is the tool for it,based on analysizing spacecraft spacility,the purpose and importance of spacecraft testing,the reliability test and history for conventional weapon material.So spacecraft test matrix consisting of development test, qualification test,acceptance test for unit,subsystem and system,as well as prelaunch validation and operational test can be called spacecraft environment reliability test matrix.Every kind of test is a indispensable part for spacecraft environment reliability test matrix.Decreasing the test kind or test item,or reducing the test requirements,though can have the advantage of decreasing cost and shorting development period,must run the risk of increasing failure or degrading performance of spacecraft.