炉渣滤床技术处理亚麻生产废水

为了确定处理包头亚麻厂亚麻生产废水的设计方案，设计之前在现场进行了生产试验。在包头亚麻厂污水处理站，模拟炉渣滤床制造了3米高的炉渣滤层，滤渣从工厂锅炉房取用，将实际排放的亚麻煮漂车间、细纱车间、粗纱车间的生产废水混合后，通过炉渣滤层过滤处理，处理后出水由厂化验室和包头环保局化验。试验结果表明，处理后的排水各项指标完全达到国家排放标准。该工艺处理费用低，运行效果稳定，管理简便，具有明显的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。     

Modelling of Ejecta as a Space Debris Source

When a micro-debris or a micrometeoroid impacts a spacecraft surface, a large number of secondary particles, called ejecta, are produced. These particles can contribute to a modification of the debris environment: either locally by the occurrence of secondary impacts on the components of complex and large space structures, or at great distance by the formation of a population of small orbital debris. This paper describes firstly, the ejecta overall production, and secondly, the lifetime and the orbital evolution of the particles. Finally the repartition of ejecta in LEO is computed. Some results describing the population as a function of size and altitude are presented.     

Collision Risk Mitigation in Geostationary Orbit

The short- and long-term effects of spacecraft explosions, as a function of the end-of-life re-orbit altitude above the geostationary orbit (GEO), were analyzed in terms of their additional contribution to the debris flux in the GEO ring. The simulated debris clouds were propagated for 72yrs, taking into account all the relevant orbital perturbations.The results obtained show that 6–7 additional explosions in GEO would be sufficient, in the long term, to double the current collision risk with sizable objects in GEO. Unfortunately, even if spacecraft were to re-orbit between 300 and 500km above GEO, this would not significantly improve the situation. In fact, an altitude increase of at least 2000km would have to be adopted to reduce by one order of magnitude the long-term risk of collision among geostationary satellites and explosion fragments. The optimal debris mitigation strategy should be a compromise between the reliability and effectiveness of spacecraft end-of-life passivation, the re-orbit altitude and the acceptable debris background in the GEO ring. However, for as long as the re-orbit altitudes currently used are less than 500km above GEO, new spacecraft explosions must be avoided in order to preserve the geostationary environment over the long term.     

Precise line-of-sight modelling for angles-only relative navigation

This work presents a precise analytical model to reconstruct the line-of-sight vector to a target satellite over time, as required by angles-only relative navigation systems for application to rendezvous missions. The model includes the effects of the geopotential, featuring: the analytical propagation in the mean relative orbital elements (up to second-order expansion), the analytical two-way osculating/mean orbital elements’ conversion (second-order in $J_2$ and up to a given degree and order of the geopotential), and a second-order mapping from the perturbed osculating elements’ set to the local orbital frame. Performances are assessed against the line-of-sight reconstructed out of the precise GPS-based positioning products of the PRISMA mission. The line-of-sight modelled over a far-range one day long scenario can be fitted against the true one presenting residuals of the order of ten arc-seconds, which is below the typical sensor noise at far-range.     

基于复杂型面薄壁零件成形的电铸试验研究

 在航空、航天领域存在诸如风洞喷管、波导元件和叶片电极等异型薄壁零件,采用常规加工方法对这些薄壁零件进行加工时存在着难加工的问题,利用一种新型的电铸技术——阴极平动式游离粒子辅助磨擦电铸技术对其进行直接成形加工。在电铸过程中,阴阳极之间添加不导电的游离粒子,随着阴极的不断运动,游离粒子能够周期性地对电沉积层产生磨擦、抛光、挤压作用,以此来提高表面质量,强化电铸层。与传统电铸技术所制备的电铸镍层进行了对比试验,试验结果表明：游离粒子辅助磨擦电铸技术能够获得表面光亮、平整电铸层;电铸层（200）晶面的衍射强度明显降低,（111）和（220）晶面的衍射强度显著提高;电铸层的机械性能也得到了明显的改善,显微硬度和抗拉强度比传统电铸工艺提高了一倍左右。以此为基础,成功制备了复杂型面叶片阴极,其显微硬度和表面粗糙度都得到了明显改善。     

利用垃圾焚烧飞灰生产水泥熟料实验研究

垃圾焚烧飞灰含有CaO和SiO2这与水泥熟料的原料很相似,本文尝试将垃圾焚烧飞灰用于水泥熟料烧制。在来自杭州与上海的不同飞灰中加入不同比例的CaO,在高温箱式电阻炉内进行煅烧实验,考虑的主要因素包括煅烧温度、煅烧时间、CaO添加量等,并对煅烧产物进行X射线衍射分析(XRD)。研究结果表明,实验飞灰可以煅烧水泥熟料。     

地球非球形对卫星轨道的长期影响及补偿研究

首先建立了地球非球形引力摄动模型,通过对地球非球形引力摄动对卫星轨道的长期影响分析发现,地球非球形引力摄动对卫星轨道升交点赤经和沿迹角的漂移量与时间成近似线性关系;然后推导了通过主动偏置半长轴和倾角的方法来补偿摄动长期影响的计算公式,设计了基于仿真的地球非球形引力摄动补偿方法;最后对GlobalStar星座卫星进行仿真与试验.结果表明,设计的补偿方法是可行的,摄动补偿后在地球非球形引力摄动作用下卫星轨道的长期稳定性得到了很好的保持.     

废切削液回收处理技术

介绍了洪都航空集团对废切削液回收处理的一些作法及所得的成效。     

基于翅片板结构的烟气对流冷凝传热性能

在冷凝实验台上对一种用于冷凝式烟气余热回收的翅片板换热器进行实验,研究了该结构的传热和流动性能,分析了烟气温度、流速等对冷凝的影响,得到了Nu-Re和 f-Re曲线,并对该换热结构在干空气风洞实验台上测试的结果进行了比对.结果表明:由于大量不凝性气体的影响(质量分数为92%),冷凝传热对整体传热性能的强化并不明显,伴随有冷凝的烟气表面传热系数约为相同工况下无凝结表面传热系数的1.1～1.2倍.得到了无量纲数冷凝传热准则关联式,可以为冷凝式翅片板换热器的设计提供参考.      

STUDY ON ALGORITHM OF SENSOR MANAGEMENT BASED ON FUNCTIONS OF EFFICIENCY AND WASTE

The sensor management system is a subsys-tem of a multisensor data fusion system,and itspurpose is to satisfy requests of multitarget andscanned space by using the limited sensor resourcesin order to gain optimal measurement values of allspecified characteristics ( detection and captureprobability,emission power of sensor,trackingprecision or target losing probability and so on) .By the optimal principle listed above,sensor re-sources are distributed in science and reason.In aword,itis a key p…