含天然与人工内部缺陷轮盘裂纹扩展特性对比分析

为达到应用人工内部缺陷获得轮盘裂纹扩展特性，开展了含天然与人工内部缺陷轮盘高速旋转低周疲劳裂纹扩展对比试验，并通过无损检测分析、断口分析研究了裂纹扩展特性的差异，提出了含人工缺陷轮盘损伤容限分析思路。无损检测更易识别人工内部缺陷的特征及其变化；人工缺陷区呈碎裂状，有大量的晶间断裂，与天然缺陷区有明显差异；非缺陷区两者无明显差异。天然与人工缺陷区的裂纹扩展速率分别为0.2-0.4μm/次、0.6-1.2μm/次，均远大于基体材料理论值；1#盘加载突变区外断口反推寿命与第二加载阶段循环数的最大误差是12%；2#盘缺陷区外断口反推寿命占总循环数的44.9%-51.9%。基于人工缺陷区定义初始裂纹，排除人工与天然缺陷差异的影响，可获得轮盘裂纹扩展特性。     

Cosmic radiation exposure of aircraft occupants on simulated high-latitude flights during solar proton events from 1 January 1986 through 1 January 2008

From 1 January 1986 through 1 January 2008, GOES satellites recorded 170 solar proton events. For 169 of these events, we estimated effective and equivalent dose rates and doses of galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) and solar cosmic radiation (SCR), received by aircraft occupants on simulated high-latitude flights. Dose rate and dose estimates that follow are for altitudes 30, 40, 50, and 60 kft, in that order.     

初生α相含量对近α钛合金TG6拉伸性能和热稳定性的影响

采用力学性能测试和断口分析等方法研究了初生α含量对TG6高温钛合金双态组织拉伸性能和热稳定性的影响.当双态组织中的初生α含量大约在20%～50%的范围内时,TG6钛合金的拉伸强度和塑性没有特别大的差别.但当经过600℃/100h的试样热暴露后,TG6钛合金的拉伸强度略有增加,而塑性则明显降低.塑性下降的程度与合金的初生α相含量密切相关,初生α含量越少,则热暴露后塑性下降幅度越大.导致TG6钛合金热暴露后塑性损失的主要因素有共格α2相的析出、硅化物的析出以及表面氧化.相对而言,其中共格α2相的析出是合金热暴露后塑性损失的最主要因素.     

An experimental method to obtain the hard alpha anomaly distribution for titanium alloy aeroengine disks

A probability-based damage tolerance methodology has been proposed to improve the recognition of material anomalies, especially hard alpha (TiN) anomalies for aeroengine rotor disks. A key input to this method is hard alpha anomaly distribution, which reflects the occurrence rate and size of anomalies present in the finished part material of titanium rotors. Since anomalies rarely occur naturally, an experimental method is proposed to obtain the anomaly distribution for titanium alloy aeroengine disks to reflect and equivalently replace the manufacturing development in titanium industry. In general, the anomaly distribution information can be divided into two parts: the Probability of Detection (POD) curve and the detected anomaly distribution, which contains the size and frequency data of the detected anomalies. The distribution can be established based on several appropriate assumptions and derivation steps with different confidence levels of POD curves and detected anomaly distributions. In this case, the distribution can be obtained in a relatively short time as a key input to the probability-based damage tolerance methodology. Then the Probability of Failure (POF) can be calculated, and the value is found to vary with different confidence levels. On this basis, the conservative estimated POF can be obtained in conjunction with confidence levels.     

基于双四杆机构的可重复自动锁紧解锁装置

针对梦天实验舱对接、转位等工况，对日定向转动关节在轨多次锁紧解锁的需求，采用双四杆机构、自适应末端效应器等，设计一款可重复自动锁紧解锁装置。为了验证该锁紧解锁装置，利用研制产品，展开真空高温、真空低温、大气环境等多种状态下的锁紧解锁试验。结果表明:该机构可实现多种状态下的可重复自动锁紧解锁功能;在28 V直流工作电压下，锁紧动作执行时间为17.09~17.15 s，解锁动作执行时间为16.51~16.89 s。该机构具有高可靠、全角度、在轨可重复锁紧解锁等优点，在航天器锁紧解锁方面具有较大的工程应用潜力。