Water Cherenkov detectors:MILAGRO

This paper discusses the properties of using the water Cherenkov technique to detect air showers in the few hundred GeV to 100 TeV energy range. The responses of a 6 m² 2 m deep water Cherenkov counter and that of a 6 m² 10cm thick scintillator-lead sandwich counter to air shower electrons and photons is described. The advantages of water Cherenkov detector is outlined. Its application to do VHE gamma ray astronomy is discussed with particular reference to the MILAGRO telescope currently under construction. Milagro, a water-Cherenkov detector to do gamma ray astronomy above 100 Gev, uses an existing pool 60m × 80m by 8m, located in the Jemez mountains near Los Alamos, NM. The threshold of the MILAGRO detector is comparable to atmospheric Cherenkov detectors, however it has several advantages over these optical detectors. MILAGRO can operate 24 hours a day in all weather conditions and it has an open aperture which allows it to view the entire northern sky every day. These capabilities allow for a systematic all-sky survey to be done for the first time at these energies. MILAGRO will measure the Crab spectrum with high significance over a wide energy range, it will detect and measure the spectra from AGN's such as MRK 421 and it will search for short duration bursts from GRBs and possibly evaporating PBHs.     

磁粉探伤机周向电流单片微机控制器的研制

本文介绍一种新型磁粉探伤机周向电流的单片计算机控制器，文中详细介绍控制器的控制原理，结构，控制程序。该控制器对周向电流采用闭环控制，直接设定磁化电流，可保证电流稳定，电流设定值和实际电流值相差小于１０％，控制器还具有了出错检测，自动退磁功能。     

基于因子模糊化BP神经网络的磨损颗粒识别

在引入了一套磨粒形态学描述子来提取磨损颗粒的显微形态特征的基础上 ,采用人工神经网络技术 ,编制了用于磨损颗粒自动识别的 BP网络计算机模拟程序。在网络训练的过程中应用了本文引入的因子模糊化训练方法 ,使训练速度大大加快 ,以异或问题为例 ,速度可提高 5～ 1 0倍。应用此网络对磨粒测试库进行识别实验 ,识别正确率在 90 %以上 ,并且识别速度很快 ,大大优于传统的磨粒识别方法。     

印刷电路板缺陷焊点的自动检测

本文首先从国内外的发展现状,概述了印刷电路板缺陷焊点的几种检测手段。并着重介绍了作者与其同事们正在研制的激光全息印刷电路板焊点缺陷自动检测系统。     

1989年3月大宇宙线暴事件的特征

本文分析了1989年3月一系列大耀斑等离子体抛射引起的宇宙线强度变化的特征.除对中子成分分析外,还对μ介子成分及其各向异性特征作了分析,讨论了宇宙线强度变化与太阳耀斑特性和地磁扰动之间的关系。分析发现,宇宙线的Forbush下降不仅与太阳耀斑的级别、持续时间,以及在日面上的位置有关,而且还与光学耀斑是否伴有强的X射线暴、是否有强的射电爆发,以及是否引起强的地磁暴紧密有关.各向异性分析表明,3月大事件的各向异性明显小于宁静时的各向异性,这可能是因为受到太阳活动强烈调制之后,宇宙线各向异性趋于减小的原因.     

Real time localization of gamma ray bursts with INTEGRAL

The INTEGRAL satellite has been successfully launched in October 2002 and has recently started its operational phase. The INTEGRAL burst alert system (IBAS) will distribute in real time the coordinates of the gamma ray bursts (GRBs) detected with INTEGRAL. After a brief introduction on the INTEGRAL instruments, we describe the main IBAS characteristics and report on the initial results. During the initial performance and verification phase of the INTEGRAL mission, which lasted about two months, two GRBs have been localized with accuracy of 2–4 arcmin. These observations have allowed us to validate the IBAS software, which is now expected to provide quick (few seconds delay) and precise (few arcmin) localization for 10–15 GRBs per year.     

High Excitation ISM and Gas

An overview is given of ISO results on regions of high excitation ISM and gas, i.e. HII regions, the Galactic Centre and Supernova Remnants. IR emission due to fine-structure lines, molecular hydrogen, silicates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dust are summarised, their diagnostic capabilities illustrated and their implications highlighted. Based on observations with ISO, an ESA project with instruments funded by ESA Member States (especially the PI countries: France, Germany, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom), and with the participation of ISAS and NASA.     

300M钢纯洁度磁粉检验磁痕现象的分析

采用交、直流磁粉检验并结合金相试验、电子探针试验及微量元素含量分析的方法，对３００Ｍ钢磁痕现象的本质进行了分析。结果表明，采用磁粉检验方法对航空优质钢进行纯洁度检验是可信的。     

基于图像识别的发动机内窥智能检测系统研究

介绍了一种基于图像识别技术的航空发动机内窥检测的新方法，采用最大类间方差法计算二值化分割的最佳阈值，并将提取的图像特征输入神经网络进行分层识别，最后由专家系统对损伤程度进行了诊断。通过现场测试，证明了该方法的有效性和实用性．     

基于最小一乘的跑道入口高度计算

跑道入口高度是关系着飞机能否安全着陆的关键参数,在其计算中需要采用曲线拟合预测的方法。目前大多是采用基于最小二乘准则的拟合方式。由于最小二乘准则的局限性,当下滑道随机误差不满足正态分布,在飞行数据中出现异常点时会给预测带来较大误差。将最小一乘方法引入到跑道入口高度计算问题中,提高了算法的稳健性,很好地克服了这一问题。