悬筐式蒸发器的结构设计

本文从设计角度对悬筐式蒸发器的结构进行了介绍和总结,并提出了一些结构的改进意见。     

Thick exchange layer evaporation model with natural convection effect and evaporation experimental study for multicomponent droplet

In order to investigate the high-temperature evaporation characteristics of multicomponent liquid fuel, three kinds of blended fuel: n-heptane/n-decane/RP-3 aviation kerosene-ethanol were experimentally studied with and without forced convection. Further, based on zero-diffusion and infinite diffusion concept, this study expanded Thick Exchange Layer evaporation model with Natural Convection effect (NC-TEL) to multicomponent liquid fuels. The experimental results show that the droplet evaporation rate increases significantly with the increase of ambient temperature. Higher temperature leads to more significant relationships between the composition ratio and the evaporation rate. The effect of forced convection is not obviously under the circumstance in this paper. Then, the evaporation models were validated by experimental data. In general, the new NC-TEL model behaves better than the Ranz-Marshall (R-M) model, and the prediction accuracy at high temperature is improved by 8% to 35%. In lower temperature conditions, the prediction of zero-diffusion NC-TEL model is better than the infinite diffusion NC-TEL model. In high-temperature conditions, for n-heptane-ethanol droplet, the predictions of NC-TEL model are accurate, but for n-decane/RP-3 aviation kerosene-ethanol, the predictions are lower than experimental results. This may be caused by the micro-explosion phenomenon and the Marangoni phenomenon.     

一种悬架式双频微带天线的设计

为满足某一特定卫星通讯系统的应用需求,提出一种带抛物面基座的悬架式双频层叠微带天线结构模型。层叠微带结构确保天线的紧凑性,外加的抛物面基座改善双频天线的低仰角性能。利用商用软件HFSS,分析双频天线的主要参数并给出结论。仿真与实测结果表明,所提出的天线结构不仅具有良好的双频圆极化性能,而且有较高的低仰角增益。     

多组分液滴自然对流厚交换层蒸发模型及其检验

为发展多组分液体燃料高温蒸发模型,首先以零扩散和无限扩散概念为基础,拓展考虑自然对流的厚交换层高温蒸发模型到多组分液体燃料,提出多组分NC-TEL模型。其次,采用挂滴法对正庚烷-乙醇、正癸烷-乙醇、RP-3航空煤油-乙醇三种混合燃料的单液滴在高温静止和强迫对流条件下的蒸发特性进行实验研究。实验结果显示:混合液滴蒸发速率随温度升高而显著增大,温度越高组分构成比例对液滴蒸发率的影响越明显;本文实验条件下,对流环境对于液滴蒸发的促进作用并不明显。最后,用实验数据检验蒸发模型。模型对比结果显示:总体上,NC-TEL模型优于R-M模型,高温段预测精度平均提升了8%～35%;低温段,零扩散NC-TEL模型与实验结果吻合程度较好,而无限扩散NC-TEL模型与实验结果相比误差略大;高温段,对于正庚烷-乙醇混合燃料液滴,NC-TEL模型预测较为准确,而对于正癸烷/RP-3航空煤油-乙醇混合燃料液滴,NC-TEL模型预测值则偏低,可能的原因是微爆现象和Marangoni现象。     

脉冲爆震发动机外流场数值模拟及实验

通过实验和数值方法,对脉冲爆震发动机(Pulse Detonation Engine,PDE)外流场进行了可视化研究。实验中采用YA-16高速阴影系统,拍摄了爆震外流场的时序阴影照片。对高温火团引发的氢气-氧气-氮气爆震过程和管内、外流场分布进行轴对称数值模拟,其中考虑了包含19个基元反应和9种组份的H2-O2-N2详细化学反应动力学机理。根据计算结果,由计算光学获得爆震外流场的时序计算阴影图。数值计算结果和实验结果基本一致,均形象地描述了管外流场的变化。根据实验和数值计算结果,详细地讨论了涡环和悬吊激波产生的动力学机理及其发展变化过程。     

多无人机绳索悬挂协同搬运固定时间控制

针对多无人机绳索悬挂协同搬运跟踪控制问题,设计了一种新的固定时间协同跟踪控制算法.首先,通过旋量分析,计算系统不同状态下的有效旋量空间,并根据静力学平衡计算系统在有效旋量空间约束下的拉力容许裕度.其次,在保证绳索张紧以及最大拉力约束的条件下,基于微分平坦性以及绳索拉力优化分配算法,规戈编队的期望跟踪轨迹.然后,基于Ud...     

海上动态条件下静电陀螺监控器启动技术

静电陀螺监控器在航天测量船列装是该设备在国内首次被应用于大型水面舰艇。在此之前其设计方案以及启动策略全部针对于水下舰艇,对于航天测量船而言没有任何经验可以借鉴。因此,探索静电陀螺监控器在海上动态条件下的高精度启动技术成为了当前该设备在航天测量船应用中的主要问题。针对该问题,通过分析静电陀螺监控器启动的关键过程,结合设备工作原理,重点对海上动态条件下静电陀螺监控器的启动技术和相关参数进行了研究,实现了静电陀螺监控器在海上动态条件下的高精度启动。该技术目前已经成熟并且成功应用于测量船测控任务。     

悬浮铸造、半固态铸造与固液混合铸造

本文概述了悬浮铸造、半固态铸造和固液混合铸造工艺的基础理论研究，分析探讨了这三种特别具有发展前景的新型技术及加工工艺的特性及工程应用。     

Changes in suspended sediments associated with 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami

The Sumatra tsunami on 26 December, 2004 in the Indian Ocean was generated by one of the largest earthquakes of the past 100 years. The present study investigated spatial and temporal changes of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in North-East Indian Ocean (NEIO) after the Sumatra tsunami used satellite remote sensing data. The nLw551 products of MODIS-aqua data (using as indexing SSC) were analyzed for 5 years (2002–2006). Result shows SSC notably increased (55.6–200%) in large river estuaries along coast of the Bay of Bengal (BOB) in a short time (4 weeks) after the tsunami, especially the northwest coast of Indonesia, southeast coast of Myanmar, as well as the north offshore of BOB. Those increases were mainly caused by the re-suspension function induced by the initial surge of the tsunami. Monthly analysis indicates increases (4.26%) of SSC of the entire North-East Indian Ocean area in 2005; especially in November 2005 when increase of SSC increased by about 6.19% compared with other years; those may mainly be caused by the destruction of coastal vegetation and modifying of estuaries or wetlands by the 2004 tsunami. The increases of SSC have different mechanism in different region and period after the tsunami.