A methodology to support strategic decisions in future human space exploration: From scenario definition to building blocks assessment

The human exploration of multiple deep space destinations (e.g. Cis-Lunar, NEAs), in view of the final challenge of sending astronauts to Mars, represents a current and consistent study domain especially in terms of its possible scenarios and mission architectures assessments, as proved by the numerous on-going activities about this topic and moreover by the global exploration roadmap. After exploring and analysing different possible solutions to identify the most flexible path, a detailed characterisation of several Design Reference Missions (DRMs) represents a necessity in order to evaluate the feasibility and affordability of deep space exploration missions, specifically in terms of enabling technological capabilities.The study presented in this paper was aimed at defining an evolutionary scenario for deep space exploration in the next 30 years with the final goal of sending astronauts on the surface of Mars by the end of 2030 decade. Different destinations were considered as targets to build the human exploration scenario, with particular attention to Earth–Moon Lagrangian points, NEA and Moon. For all the destinations selected as part of the exploration scenario, the assessment and characterisation of the relative Design Reference Missions were performed. Specifically they were defined in terms of strategies, architectures and mission elements. All the analyses were based on a pure technical approach with the objective of evaluating the feasibility of a long term strategy for capabilities achievement and technological development to enable future space exploration.This paper describes the process that was followed within the study, focusing on the adopted methodology, and reports the major obtained results, in terms of scenario and mission analysis.     

Team effectiveness evaluation and virtual reality scenario mapping model for helicopter emergency rescue

The application of helicopter emergency rescue is becoming increasingly widespread, but the flight crew training in this area is still difficult due to high cost and risk. Nevertheless, with the development of Virtual Reality (VR) technology, virtual simulation has become a significant role in crew training of helicopter rescue. During the implementation of VR-based training, how to transform complex real tasks into VR scenarios and how to evaluate the performance of crew are of great importance. To address these issues, a novel VR-based R-E-A-D (Report, Evaluate, Agree, Do) evaluation model for training is proposed, which is suitable for complex missions with multiple tasks, multiple scenarios, and multiple people. Then, a mapping method of VR scenarios is put forward, which can transform the real tasks into virtual scenarios to serve the virtual simulation training. Finally, an experiment is carried out to verify the feasibility of the evaluation method and virtual scenario mapping method.     

情景模拟教学法在《导游业务》教学中的应用

情景模拟教学法是以任务为导向,以培养学生能力为目标,互动仿真的教学方法。在高职《导游业务》教学中运用情景模拟教学法,就是通过让学生扮演旅游接待过程中的各种角色,进行模拟实操。这种教学方法不仅能够锻炼学生的表达能力,而且能够培养学生的应变能力和处理问题的能力。本文就情景模拟教学法在《导游业务》课程教学中的具体应用进行了探讨。     

空防对抗仿真的情景想定设计

为使空防对抗仿真更接近实战，对仿真情景想定设计作了改进。将防空区等分成4个扇形区，在确定对突防飞机威胁最大的影响因素的基础上，根据动态规划法得出进袭飞机采用不同航线时防空方不同部署形式的赢得矩阵，并由布朗算法计算该矩阵，得出攻防双方作战方案的选取概率。仿真计算结果表明，该设计方法较合理，避免了仿真的盲目性，对战术仿真有一定的参考价值。     

面向适航审定的飞行场景研究

飞行场景是分析、测量、确定和验证机组-飞机-环境各种复杂动态关系下机组工作量的必要前提。针对适航审定中的飞行场景,提出了开发飞行场景的原则及要求,确定了飞行场景的核心内容及组织结构,明确了飞行场景必须涵盖的功能及因素,给出了飞行场景的开发步骤,提出了面向适航审定的飞行场景开发方法,给出了飞行场景的应用环境和应用方法,为飞行场景开发及驾驶舱人为因素的适航审定提供有效手段和方法。