航空维修差错的研究

从航空维修差错带来的重大危害出发,提出航空维修差错的定义及基本特征,深入分析航空维修差错的几种模式,重点研究了最活跃、最突出的人为差错模式,并指出预防各种差错模式的方法和措施。     

Attitude control system design and on-orbit performance analysis of nano-satellite––‘‘Tian Tuo 1’’

‘‘Tian Tuo 1'(TT-1) nano-satellite is the first single-board nano-satellite that was successfully launched in China. The main objective of TT-1 is technology demonstration and scientific measurements. The satellite carries out the significant exploration of single-board architecture feasibility validation, and it is tailored to the low-cost philosophy by adopting numerous commercialoff-the-shelf(COTS) components. The satellite is featured with three-axis stabilization control capability. A pitch bias momentum wheel and three magnetic coils are adopted as control actuators.The sun sensors, magnetometers and a three-axis gyro are employed as the measurement sensors.The quaternion estimator(QUEST) and unscented Kalman filter(UKF) method are adopted for the nano-satellite attitude determination. On-orbit data received by ground station is conducted to analysis the performance of attitude determination and control system(ADCS). The results show that the design of ADCS for TT-1 is suitable, robust and feasible.     

慢旋非合作目标接近轨迹规划

非合作目标自主在轨服务是在轨服务领域的研究方向,具备避碰能力的接近轨迹规划将在未来的在轨服务任务中扮演重要的角色.给出了一种基于滚动时域的慢旋非合作目标接近轨迹规划方法,利用逻辑变量和连续变量的混合形式来描述避碰约束,从而将轨迹规划问题转化为混合整数规划问题.仿真结果表明,基于滚动时域设计的慢旋非合作目标接近轨迹规划能够使得在轨服务航天器安全地接近终端状态.     

组合航天器转动惯量在轨两步辨识标定

在轨辨识转动惯量参数是主动航天器与非合作空间目标构成组合体后实现高精度姿态控制的重要前提,文章提出了一种两步在轨辨识组合航天器转动惯量参数的方法。第一步以航天器本体坐标系滚动轴转动惯量为基准将转动惯量矩阵归一化,得到特殊的转动惯量比矩阵,建立与其相关的姿态动力学模型,提出了基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的在轨辨识算法,基于星上陀螺角速率测量信息在100s左右辨识出所有转动惯量比参数,克服了由于模型简单导致转动惯量信息辨识不完整的缺点;第二步基于第一步辨识得到的转动惯量比参数,采用最小二乘算法辨识得到滚动轴转动惯量值,计算量小,消耗能量少。最后给出仿真算例,辨识精度基本在1|之内,验证了方法的有效性。     

航天器变构型模块化可维修技术

现有可维修航天器为实现可维修能力代价大,且技术发展途径不清晰,难以推广应用。本文在对国外可维修航天器技术特点分析的基础上,从可维修体系架构、可更换功能模块体系和即插即用接口体系3方面,提出了一种可维修航天器的通用设计方法。结合所提方法,设计了一种主结构可变构型的模块化可维修航天器,阐述了所涉及的关键技术。所设计的可维修航天器以开放式机械体系、分布式异构网络体系与可补加动力体系为核心架构,以两级功能模块和三级接口为可维修载体,以较小代价实现了可维修维护能力,降低了对维修操作方的能力要求,且系统功能性能可随技术的发展动态演进。所提方法与典型设计案例可为中国可维修航天器及相应技术的发展提供参考。     

航天器相对导航与控制技术的典型任务

在空间交会对接、在轨服务、近距离目标监视以及航天器编队飞行任务中,通常需要通过相对导航与控制技术对相互邻近的航天器进行控制.回顾了该领域典型的空间任务,特别关注任务、相对导航与控制方法、相对测量设备、推进系统等主要特征,并总结了该项技术的发展趋势.     

一种高速可靠的大体量星载软件重构方案设计

随着星载软件的复杂度与体量不断增加,对软件在轨重构并进行更新维护的功能愈发重要。当软件越来越大时,使用低速通道进行重构的方案在时间上难以满足在一个测控弧段内重构软件的需求。同时,大软件使得数据存储空间更为紧缺,无法使用三模冗余等传统方法保证程序数据的可靠安全。因此,本文提出了一种使用高速通道的可靠的大体量星载软件重构方案。以固化在PROM （可编程只读存储器）上的引导监控程序作为根本保障,构建一个存于MRAM （磁随机存储器）上专门用于高速重构软件的安全模式程序作为方案核心,并给星载软件加入自重构功能作为最常用的重构方式。通过地面测试与在轨实验表明：该方案能够保证大体量软件重构功能的高速度与高可靠性,让星载软件的更新与维护更加安全与便捷。     

Downsizing an orbital space robot: A dynamic system based evaluation

Small space robots have the potential to revolutionise space exploration by facilitating the on-orbit assembly of infrastructure, in shorter time scales, at reduced costs. Their commercial appeal will be further improved if such a system is also capable of performing on-orbit servicing missions, in line with the current drive to limit space debris and prolong the lifetime of satellites already in orbit. Whilst there have been a limited number of successful demonstrations of technologies capable of these on-orbit operations, the systems remain large and bespoke. The recent surge in small satellite technologies is changing the economics of space and in the near future, downsizing a space robot might become be a viable option with a host of benefits. This industry wide shift means some of the technologies for use with a downsized space robot, such as power and communication subsystems, now exist. However, there are still dynamic and control issues that need to be overcome before a downsized space robot can be capable of undertaking useful missions. This paper first outlines these issues, before analyzing the effect of downsizing a system on its operational capability. Therefore presenting the smallest controllable system such that the benefits of a small space robot can be achieved with current technologies. The sizing of the base spacecraft and manipulator are addressed here. The design presented consists of a 3 link, 6 degrees of freedom robotic manipulator mounted on a 12U form factor satellite. The feasibility of this 12U space robot was evaluated in simulation and the in-depth results presented here support the hypothesis that a small space robot is a viable solution for in-orbit operations.     

基于DoDAF的在轨维护与服务系统需求分析

基于DoDAF标准,对在轨维护与服务系统进行需求分析,增强系统使用者和开发者之间理解的一致性,为系统的分析、设计及扩展提供有利条件.选定典型的在轨维护与服务活动,应用DoDAF标准进行需求分析,得出在该活动下的系统需求,集成不同活动的需求便可以完成在轨维护与服务系统的整体需求.以在轨装配为例说明了具体的分析过程.基于D...