Substitution of satellite-based land surface temperature defective data using GSP method

Land surface temperature (LST) as an important environmental variable provides valuable information for earth environmental system modelling. Currently, LST is obtained through satellite thermal sensors at various spatial and temporal resolutions. Although spatially continuous satellite-based LST measurements are intended to overcome the shortcomings of sparse ground-based LST measurements, LST images often contain anomalous values due to the existence of clouds or sensor malfunctioning. The problem becomes more serious where the users deal with high spatial resolution characterized by low temporal resolution. This study examines the capability of a newly developed graph signal processing (GSP) method using two-dimensional single-date thermal data. For this purpose, four Landsat/TIRS datasets are analyzed. The data of five elliptical regions on thermal images are eliminated and then reconstructed through the GSP method and using the LST values of the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids. The results indicate that the temperature variation determined by the GSP method generally conforms to the original image LST values. According to a correlation test conducted on the original image LST and those obtained through the GSP method, the values vary from 58% to 95%, which is an above-the-average rate (RMSE from 0.69 to 2.27). The statistical analysis of the original image LST in both the elliptical regions and the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids indicates that an increase in the variance of LST data causes an increased error in the calculation of temperature by the GSP method, and vice versa. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test indicated that an increase in the number of the non-zero spectral bins would result in increased RMSE values for all the dates and the regions. Moreover, the model errors were significant at the 0.05 level across all the image date and five elliptical study regions. Based on the results, the use of this method is recommended for the reconstruction of LST missing values, where dissimilarity of atmospheric conditions limits the use of other methods that depend on the time series data of various dates and a great deal of data calculation.     

空间机械臂非完整运动规划的遗传算法研究

带空间机械臂航天器系统在无外力矩作用时，系统相对于总质心的动量矩守恒而变为非完整系统。由于非完整约束的不可积性，非完整系统的运动规划与控制比一般系统要困难得多。现利用非完整特性研究了自由漂浮空间机械臂的三维姿态运动控制问题。首先导出带空间机械臂的航天器三维姿态运动数学模型，并将系统的控制问题转化为无漂移系统的非完整运动规划问题。在运动规划中，根据最优控制原理和优化理论，提出基于遗传算法的最优运动规划数值算法。通过数值仿真，表明该方法对空间机械臂及航天器三维姿态运动的非完整运动规划是有效的。     

Motion synchronization in a dual redundant HA/EHA system by using a hybrid integrated intelligent control design

This paper presents an integrated fuzzy controller design approach to synchronize a dis-similar redundant actuation system of a hydraulic actuator (HA) and an electro-hydrostatic actu-ator (EHA) with system uncertainties and disturbances. The motion synchronous control system consists of a trajectory generator, an individual position controller for each actuator, and a fuzzy force tracking controller (FFTC) for both actuators. The trajectory generator provides the desired motion dynamics and designing parameters of the trajectory which are taken according to the dynamic characteristics of the EHA. The position controller consists of a feed-forward controller and a fuzzy position tracking controller (FPTC) and acts as a decoupled controller, improving posi-tion tracking performance with the help of the feed-forward controller and the FPTC. The FFTC acts as a coupled controller and takes into account the inherent coupling effect. The simulation results show that the proposed controller not only eliminates initial force fighting by synchronizing the two actuators, but also improves disturbance rejection performance.     

基于非接触式测量的旋转叶片动应变重构方法

基于叶端定时非接触式测量和振动响应传递比的概念,开展高速旋转叶片动应变重构方法的研究。在频域内推导了叶片任意测点位移与任意测点动应变的传递比,给出了单模态共振下响应传递比关于位移和应变模态振型的解析表达式;建立旋转叶片的三维(3D)有限元模型,开展考虑旋转预应力效应的叶片模态分析,提取位移和应变模态振型,获得任意转速下叶端位移与叶根关键点动应变的传递比。开展高速旋转叶片叶端定时非接触式测量实验,采用周向傅里叶算法对叶端定时信号进行处理,获得叶片在不同转速单模态共振下的叶端位移,结合响应传递比,重构5个旋转叶片的关键点动应变。结果表明:旋转叶片在9000r/min和13000r/min转速下发生1阶共振时,与应变片实测结果相比,叶根处应力最大点、次大点和边缘点3个关键点的动应变平均重构误差均小于15%,验证了旋转叶片动应变重构方法的有效性。     

风扇/压气机周向模态识别中传感器角度偏差的影响

基于任意角度压缩感知(CS)方法分析了传感器安装角度偏差对风扇/压气机周向模态识别重构的影响,设计了一套自适应角度优化程序修正重构误差。利用数值试验探究了传感器角度偏差和数量对周向模态重构结果的影响,研究表明:当角度偏差等级为2.5%时,平均重构误差达到10%以上,若保证重构误差基本不变,将传感器数量从7个增加至25个,仅可以将角度偏差等级放宽至4%。而采用小生境微种群遗传算法进行自适应角度优化,在20 dB信噪比下,通过自适应角度优化可将角度偏差等级从2.5%放宽至10%,降低了传感器安装的精度要求。成功优化了一款冷却风扇在前三阶叶片通过频率下的主要周向声模态重构幅值。自适应角度优化算法有效提升了基于压缩感知的风扇/压气机周向模态重构可靠性。     

刀具声发射信号混沌特征提取及趋势分析

旨在建立一种基于多混沌特征演化分析的刀具磨损状态监测方法,通过计算刀具声发射信号的混沌特性参数分析其磨损趋势。建立首先基于混沌理论分析和描述刀具不同磨损阶段声发射信号的混沌特性,包括：定性描述,即重构相空间的奇异吸引子轨迹和庞加莱截面;定量描述,计算不同时间段声发射信号的关联维数、最大Lyapunov指数等。其次,采用最小二乘回归方法对所计算的混沌参数进行趋势分析。结果表明,声发射信号具有混沌特性,而且关联维数和最大Lyapunov指数演化趋势与刀具的磨损状态具有一定的关联,从而为刀具磨损状态的在线监测和预测提供了新思路。     

F-35战斗机气动及隐身特性分析

以F-35战斗机为研究目标,对目标体进行三维外形重建,并对重建后的模型进行气动及隐身特性的计算和分析,首先采用了基于飞机三视图进行轮廓线提取来重建F-35全机理论外形的方法,引入了基于草图跟踪的CATIA三视图的标定,大大地提高了模型重建的精度。其次采用非结构网格对F-35的计算区域进行网格划分,采用EULER方程完成了F-35在亚声速、跨声速及超声速等飞行条件下的流场计算,分析了不同状态下的升力、阻力和大迎角气动特性。最后利用曲面像素法对F-35全机高频雷达目标特性进行了计算,提出了一种基于IGS数据转换格式的隐身计算网格生成方法,比较了不同俯仰角及方位角下的RCS特性曲线,分析了对RCS影响比较大的部件。     

飞行器再入机动制导的一种新方法

基于飞行力学的原理，建立了飞行器攻击地面目标的运动方程，进而运用计算结构力学与最优控制的相似性原理，将求解Ｒｉｃｃａｔｉ方程的一种新方法引入飞行器再入机动制导问题中。由于采用的是结构静力学中的子结构消元法，从而避免了本征值问题的求解。该方法大幅度地提高了计算速度，同时具有很好的数值稳定性，计算结果表明该方法的有效性。     

ICT图像重建并行处理技术

在ICT图像重建中一般采用的并行系统有阵列处理机、基于多个PC机的MIMD系统、由多个DSP和反投影专用处理器组成的多处理器系统和工作站机群。