Packaging of thick membranes using a multi-spiral folding approach: Flat and curved surfaces

Elucidating versatile configurations of spiral folding, and investigating the deployment performance is of relevant interest to extend the applicability of deployable membranes towards large-scale and functional configurations.In this paper we propose new schemes to package flat and curved membranes of finite thickness by using multiple spirals, whose governing equations render folding lines by juxtaposing spirals and by accommodating membrane thickness. Our experiments using a set of topologically distinct flat and curved membranes deployed by tensile forces applied in the radial and circumferential directions have shown that (1) the multi-spiral approach with prismatic folding lines offered the improved deployment performance, and (2) the deployment of curved surfaces progresses rapidly within a finite load domain. Furthermore, we confirmed the high efficiency of membranes folded by multi-spiral patterns.From viewpoints of configuration and deployment performance, the multi-spiral approach is potential to extend the versatility and maneuverability of spiral folding mechanisms.     

战术导弹折叠翼快速展开性能的测试技术

介绍某些战术导弹折叠翼快速展开特性测试技术。详细地介绍了测量方法、项目、数据处理和主要结果。试验是在北京空气动力研究所一座低速风洞中进行的。试验结果表明，获得的数据具有很高精度和可靠性，重复性也是令人满意的。     

Investigation of the differential rotation of the large-scale magnetic elements for the solar activity cycles 20 and 21

The differential rotation of the patterns of the large-scale solar magnetic field during solar activity cycles 20 and 21 is investigated. Compact magnetic elements with the polarity of the general solar magnetic field have larger speed of rotation than the elements with the opposite polarity. The surface of the Sun was divided by 10°-zones. In all of them the average rotation rate of the magnetic elements with negative polarity is little higher than that of the magnetic elements with positive polarity, except for 50°-zone of the south hemisphere and at the 10° latitude of the north hemisphere.

The rates of differential rotation for large-scale magnetic elements with negative and positive polarities have similar behavior for both cycles of the solar activity.

The rotation rate varies at polarity reversal of the circumpolar magnetic fields. For the cycle No 20 in 1969–1970 the threefold reversal took place in the northern hemisphere and variations of rotation rate can be noticed for magnetic elements both with positive and negative polarity for each 10°-zone in the same hemisphere.     

离箱扰动和折叠翼展开数学模型研究

根据箱式发射导轨与导弹，导弹与折叠翼的约束特点，应用动力学普遍定理和解除约束原理，创建了离箱扰动运动数学模型和拆卸叠翼展开过程计算数学模型，并将计算结果与飞行试验结果作了比较。     

某改型导弹折叠舵的设计

详细介绍了××改型导弹折叠舵研究课题的成果。内容包括：主要设计要求、研制程序、方案的拟定、设计、试验及结果分析、结论等部分。通过试制及试验，证明把高强度扭力杆应用于折叠舵的展开机构具有展开能量大、展开时间短、重量轻、体积小、结构简单等优点。该项技术不但使××改型导弹折叠舵课题获得成功，而且可以推广应用到需要折叠与展开的其他飞行器上     

弧齿锥齿轮误差敏感性优化设计

从齿面结构上提出了通过优化差曲面全曲率来改善弧齿锥齿轮的安装误差敏感性问题的方法.推导了啮合点处沿齿线方向的两啮合齿面全曲率作为敏感性系数,分析了局部综合参数和参考点位置参数对参考点处的敏感系数的影响.提出了通过优化传动比一阶导数、接触迹线方向、二阶变性系数和三阶变性系数,获得对安装误差敏感性低的小轮加工参数.算例表明:优化后的齿轮副在啮合过程中的敏感性系数控制在较小范围之内,传动误差的幅值和对称性均满足设计要求,改善了齿轮副的啮合质量.      

螺旋双曲面齿轮修形及啮合特性

为了改善螺旋双曲面齿轮啮合特性,对小轮齿面进行修形设计.用抛物线齿廓的产形齿条展成修形插齿刀齿面,模拟插齿刀和被加工齿轮的啮合运动关系,建立齿轮齿面的数学模型;根据两齿面在啮合过程中连续相切条件,建立了考虑安装误差的轮齿接触分析(TCA)模型;齿轮副的啮合仿真结果表明,刀具齿廓抛物线修形可以获得中凸的抛物线传动误差,调整修形参数可改变传动误差幅值和对称性;轴交角的变化影响齿轮副的重合度、接触椭圆、安装误差敏感性.      

有限接地板对圆形微带天线辐射特性的影响

本文探讨有限接地板及其边缘劈形状对圆形微带天线辐射特性的影响。文中用接地板边缘绕射场与微带天线直接辐射场相对相位合成的方法改善圆形微带天线前向辐射特性的计算精度和计算其后向辐射方向图。微带天线直接辐射场用磁壁围成的腔体模型进行计算;边缘绕射场的计算,在E面采用一致几何绕射理论(UTD),在H面,由于边缘一阶绕射场为0,本文引入斜率绕射计算前向辐射方向图,用等效流法计算E在整个接地板边缘产生的绕射对H面后向辐射方向图的贡献。算例表明,本文的计算结果与可资比较的实测曲线吻合一致,而文[1]E面前向辐射方向图的计算结果与实测曲线比较,最大误差高达5dB,证明本文方法提高了计算精度。本文给出了具有不同尺寸、形状和不同边缘劈角的接地板的圆形微带天线的辐射特性,得出了利用改变有限接地板的几何特性参数来控制微带天线辐射方向图的途径。     

微波暗室内雷达散射截面自动测量系统

介绍了微波暗室内雷达散射截面自动测量系统。主要包括同步转角信号的Ａ／Ｄ转，ＲＣＳ值的同步采集与处理以及转台的自动控制等部分，该系统具有１／３６度的定位精度和２．５ｍＶ的回波电压分辨率，系统误差小于１ｄＢ，适用于ＲＣＳ、天线方向性图及电磁兼容等测量。     

The Solar Sail Materials (SSM) project – Status of activities

SSM (Solar Sail Materials) is an on-going project for the European Space Agency (ESA) relying on past and recent European solar sail design projects. It aims at developing and testing future technologies suitable for large, operational solar sailcrafts.