具有多输入和扰动作用的空空导弹滚动通道的前馈/反馈自适应控制器

中程空空导弹的参数处于激烈、大范围的时变中，采用古典控制器很难满足不同高度弹道的性能规范。为了使导弹在飞行高度和速度大范围变化时均能保持优良性能，采用数字自适应控制方法是合适的。本文提出了一种基于超稳定性理论的飞行控制系统方案，其性能明显优于不采用自适应控制器的古典系统。     

Magnetospheric disturbances associated with the 13 December 2006 solar flare and their ionospheric effects over North-East Asia

We present an observational study of magnetospheric and ionospheric disturbances during the December 2006 intense magnetic storm associated with the 4В/Х3.4 class solar flare. To perform the study we utilize the ground data from North–East Asian ionospheric and magnetic observatories (60–72°N, 88–152°E) and in situ measurements from LANL, GOES, Geotail and ACE satellites. The comparative analysis of ionospheric, magnetospheric and heliospheric disturbances shows that the interaction of the magnetosphere with heavily compressed solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field caused the initial phase of the magnetic storm. It was accompanied by the intense sporadic E and F2 layers and the total black-out in the nocturnal subauroral ionosphere. During the storm main phase, LANL-97A, LANL 1994_084, LANL 1989-046 and GOES_11 satellites registered a compression of the dayside magnetosphere up to their orbits. In the morning–noon sector the compression was accompanied by an absence of reflections from ionosphere over subauroral ionospheric station Zhigansk (66.8°N, 123.3°E), and a drastic decrease in the F2 layer critical frequency (foF2) up to 54% of the quite one over subauroral Yakutsk station (62°N, 129.7°E). At the end of the main phase, these stations registered a sharp foF2 increase in the afternoon sector. At Yakutsk the peak foF2 was 1.9 time higher than the undisturbed one. The mentioned ionospheric disturbances occurred simultaneously with changes in the temperature, density and temperature anisotropy of particles at geosynchronous orbit, registered by the LANL-97A satellite nearby the meridian of ionospheric and magnetic measurements. The whole complex of disturbances may be caused by radial displacement of the main magnetospheric domains (magnetopause, cusp/cleft, plasma sheet) with respect to the observation points, caused by changes in the solar wind dynamic pressure, the field of magnetospheric convection, and rotation of the Earth.     

轴流压气机失速初始扰动形式的实验研究

对一单级轴流压气机的旋转失速发展过程进行了实验研究。应用SFC分析方法识别出失速的初始扰动有旋转波和小失速团两种形式,并且发现,压气机结构型式对失速的初始扰动形式有很大的影响。单级压气机与弧立转子相比,其失速初始扰动形式更为明显地表现为旋转波扰动。      

扰动波对轴流压气机旋转失速的影响

提出了考虑轴流压气机进出口气流角和非定常损失变化的二维旋转失速稳定性模型,进行了数值分析和讨论。计算结果表明压气机前方的扰动波对压气机旋转失速稳定性有一定的影响,压气机本身的结构形式以及压气机上、下游结构对扰动波的传播速率有重要影响     

暗条电流演化和耀斑储能

利用紫金山天文台观测的编号为McMath8207和McMath16171两个活动区光学资料,采用KR和KS两种理论模型,计算了活动区暗条电流演化过程.结果表明:不同的暗条扰动可以导致不同类型的耀斑;出现在强活动区新浮磁流附近的拱状暗条可用KR模型描述,它们往往处于较低层次,具有较强的初始电流,在新浮磁流的挤压和剪切作用下可形成中性电流片,导致高能耀斑发生.而符合KS模型的宁静暗条,在新浮磁流或耀斑波作用下亦可被激活,但其初始电流较弱,往往只能为热耀斑提供能量.      

Detection of the ionospheric disturbances on GPS-TEC using Differential Rate Of TEC (DROT) algorithm

The solar, geomagnetic, gravitational and seismic activities can cause spatial and temporal (hourly, diurnal, seasonal and annual) variabilities of the ionosphere. Main observable ionospheric parameters such as Total Electron Content (TEC) can be used to quantify these. TEC is the total number of electrons on a ray path crossing the atmosphere. The network of world-wide Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers provide a cost-effective solution in estimating TEC over a significant proportion of global land mass. This study is focused on the analysis of the variations of ionosphere over a midlatitude region using GPS-TEC estimates for three Sun Spot Numbers (SSN) periods. The investigation is based on a fast and automatic variability detection algorithm, Differential Rate Of TEC (DROT). The algorithm is tested using literature data on disturbances generated by a geomagnetic activity, a Solar Flare, a Medium Scale Travelling Ionospheric Disturbance (MSTID), a Large Scale TID (LSTID) and an earthquake. Very good agreement with the results in the literature is found. DROT is applied to IONOLAB-TEC estimates from nine Turkish National Permanent GPS Network (TNPGN Active) stations over Turkey to detect the any wave-like oscillations, sudden disturbances and other irregularities during December, March, June, September months for 2010, 2011, 2012 years. It is observed that DROT algorithm is capable of detecting both small and large scale variability due to climatic, gravitational, geomagnetic and solar activities in all layers of ionosphere. The highest DROT values are observed in 2010 during winter months. In higher solar activity years of 2011 and 2012, DROT is able to indicate both seasonal variability and severe changes in ionosphere due to increased number of geomagnetic storms and local seismic activities.     

Simulation of ASTROD I test mass charging due to solar energetic particles and interplanetary electrons

As ASTROD I travels through space, its test mass will accrue charge due to exposure of the spacecraft to high-energy particles. This test mass charge will result in Coulomb forces between the test mass and the surrounding electrodes. In earlier work, we have used the GEANT 4 toolkit to simulate charging of the ASTROD test mass due to cosmic-ray protons of energies between 0.1 and 1000 GeV at solar maximum and at solar minimum. Here we use GEANT 4 to simulate the charging process due to solar energetic particle events and interplanetary electrons. We then estimate the test mass acceleration noise due to these fluxes. The predicted charging rates range from 2247 e⁺/s to 47,055 e⁺/s, at peak intensity, for the four largest SEP events in September and October 1989. Although the noise due to charging exceeds the ASTROD I budget for the two larger events, it can be suppressed through continuous discharging. The acceleration noise during the two small events is well below the design target. The charging rate of the ASTROD I test mass due to interplanetary electrons in this simulation is about −11% of the cosmic-ray protons at solar minimum, and over −37% at solar maximum. In addition to the Monte Carlo uncertainty, an error of ±30% in the net charging rates should be added to account for uncertainties in the spectra, physics models and geometry implementations.     

空间仿生可变构智能感知网络技术

基于仿生集群系统感知功能与行为的视角,提出了空间感知网络的若干前沿科学问题,包括仿生可变构异构空间分布式智能感知网络设计、单星自主机动对准和协调操控、星群协同相对测量与控制等。在干扰对抗态势下,空间感知网络的生存智能需求是保持各节点的可变构型网络、异构分布式感知与协调控制,从抗扰、容错和节能等角度提出了未来智能感知网络所应具有的安全、绿色和免疫等特征。仿生空间感知网络的目标是通过可变构异构分布式星群设计,实现星群多源信息融合和“眼、耳、脑、体、群”的智能协调,提高感知网络的智能协调能力以及对于空地目标与空间态势的感知、理解、预判和机动处置能力。