空间碎片超高速撞击极限穿透比动能研究

研究建立宅间碎片对目标超高速撞击条件下临界穿透靶标的损伤特性的理论模型。基于临界穿透过程的数值模拟结果，系统分析了初始条件与临界穿透的关系，捉出碎片临界穿透靶板的比动能概念。然后分析了临界穿透下的碎片比动能，认为比动能是速度的函数。最后，考虑碎片的实际撞击过程巾最大着靶面积为变形面积，对比动能进行修正，获得了极限穿透条件下的真实比动能与速度无关的结论。     

Orientations of LASCO Halo CMEs and their connection to the flux rope structure of interplanetary CMEs

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) observed near the Sun via LASCO coronographic imaging are the most important solar drivers of geomagnetic storms. ICMEs, their interplanetary, near-Earth counterparts, can be detected in situ, for example, by the Wind and ACE spacecraft. An ICME usually exhibits a complex structure that very often includes a magnetic cloud (MC). They can be commonly modelled as magnetic flux ropes and there is observational evidence to expect that the orientation of a halo CME elongation corresponds to the orientation of the flux rope. In this study, we compare orientations of elongated CME halos and the corresponding MCs, measured by Wind and ACE spacecraft. We characterize the MC structures by using the Grad–Shafranov reconstruction technique and three MC fitting methods to obtain their axis directions. The CME tilt angles and MC fitted axis angles were compared without taking into account handedness of the underlying flux rope field and the polarity of its axial field. We report that for about 64% of CME–MC events, we found a good correspondence between the orientation angles implying that for the majority of interplanetary ejecta their orientations do not change significantly (less than 45 deg rotation) while travelling from the Sun to the near-Earth environment.     

数字全息测量超高速撞击碎片云实验研究

在中国空气动力研究与发展中心(CARDC)超高速碰撞中心(HIRC)7.6 mm超高速碰撞设备的基础上，搭建纳秒级脉冲激光数字全息系统。提出滤波片和衰减片组合布置，减弱超高速碰撞等离子体自发光、提高信噪比的方法。实验获得了2.25 mm铝球弹丸以4.0 km/s的速度撞击0.5 mm厚铝板形成碎片云的全息图。采用小波变换算法对碎片云全息图进行重建，得到超高速撞击碎片云的三维结构和碎片大小。碎片云的轮廓呈椭球型，分为碎片云的前端、核心和外壳，碎片主要分布在弹丸破碎形成的碎片云核心，存在大碎片，且分布较集中，对后板的损伤也严重     

关于地球转移轨道碎片的轨道寿命问题

低轨卫星的轨道寿命主要取决于大气的耗散作用,其轨道在不断变小(即高度降低)变圆的状态下进入地球稠密大气层中陨落。但地球转移轨道(GTO)碎片的运行轨道是一个近地点高度为200km,远地点高度达36000km的大偏心率(e=0.73)椭圆轨道,其轨道寿命主要由第三体(日、月)引力摄动所决定,而且还与其轨道的初始状态有密切关系。本文将根据地球卫星轨道变化规律进行理论分析,阐明力学机制,并给出相应的数值验证。     

天基强银河背景下的空间碎片探测试验及分析

本文设计并完成了银河背景下碎片探测试验,数据分析表明,强的银河背景会降低探测器对暗弱碎片的探测能力,但对碎片的天文定位精度影响不大。本文验证了采用基于探测概率的极限探测星等方法表征探测器极限探测能力的合理性,以及基于仿真的方法增加数据完备度的可行性。本文的工作将为后续天基探测器的设计及探测试验的开展提供依据。     

A statistical study of C IV regions in 20 Oe-stars

In this paper, using the Gauss-Rotation model (GR model), we analyse the UV C IV resonance lines in the spectra of 20 Oe-stars of different spectral subtypes, in order to detect the structure of C IV region. We study the presence and behavior of absorption clouds and analyse their characteristics. From this analysis we can calculate the values of a group of physical parameters, such as the apparent rotational and radial velocities, the random velocities of the thermal motions of the ions, the Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM), the optical depth, as well as the absorbed energy and the column density of the independent regions of matter, which produce the main and the satellite clouds of the studied spectral lines. Finally, we present the relations between these physical parameters and the spectral subtypes of the studied stars and we give our results about the structure of the C IV region in their atmosphere.     

Geoeffectivity of Coronal Mass Ejections

Coronal mass ejections and post-shock streams driven by them are the most efficient drivers of strong magnetospheric activity, magnetic storms. For this reason there is considerable interest in trying to make reliable forecasts for the effects of CMEs as much in advance as possible. To succeed this requires understanding of all aspects related to CMEs, starting from their emergence on the Sun to their propagation to the vicinity of the Earth and to effects within the magnetosphere. In this article we discuss some recent results on the geoeffectivity of different types of CME/shock structures. A particularly intriguing observation is that smoothly rotating magnetic fields within CMEs are most efficient in driving storm activity seen in the inner magnetosphere due to enhanced ring current, whereas the sheath regions between the shock and the ejecta tend to favour high-latitude activity.     

基于光场成像的快照式气膜孔三维测量技术

叶片气膜孔的几何参数对其冷却效率具有十分重要的影响,需采取有效手段对加工的气膜孔几何参数进行检测。基于光场成像原理,初步探索了单光场相机快照式三维测量技术在气膜孔检测上的应用。与其他光学测量技术相比,该技术仅通过一次拍摄,即可快速从捕获的单张原始光场图像中计算得到气膜孔的三维点云数据,其数据采集效率很高。实验中对一组标准量块进行了测量,展示了单光场相机应用于工业级精密测量的潜力。对实际叶片上气膜孔几何参数的检测结果初步表明了该技术应用于气膜孔三维测量的可能性。由于单光场相机成像系统的结构简单,易于操作且便于与其他传感器设备集成,可为气膜孔三维测量问题提供一种新的解决方案。     

Euler方程无网格算法及布点技术

研究了Bitina的显式无网格算法。在该算法的基础上,给出了Euler方程无网格离散形式,运用RungeKutta显式时间推进格式推进求解。文中的耗散项采用了与非结构网格上类似的守恒型耗散算子,边界条件的处理借鉴了结构化网格处理技术。此外,本文还描述了一种区域离散布点方法,研究了点云生成的选点准则,并成功地数值模拟了二维翼型的典型绕流。     

MLI碎片防护能力增强措施对隔热性能的影响

从原理上、实验测试和理论建模三个角度分析了MLI碎片防护增强措施对ML I隔热性能的影响。研究表明,在一定范围内增加MLI单元数、添加增强性材料、增加反射屏 之间距离的措施均不会明显改变MLI的隔热性能,真空状态下20单元MLI隔离物的接触率约为 40％。由于增强防护性能的措施会影响到MLI的放气性能,应研究改善增强型MLI的放气性 能的措施,并在反射屏与增强性材料之间及增强性材料之间添加间隔材料。