基于MSP430汽车防抱死制动控制器的设计

介绍了一种汽车防抱死制动系统控制器的设计。控制器以MSP430F149单片机为核心,根据防抱死制动系统的工作原理,利用轮速传感器,对轮速进行滤波、放大、整形等实现车轮速度的采集。采用基于车轮滑移率的防抱控制理论,根据车速、轮速来计算车轮滑移率。在硬件设计方面,根据系统选择了MSP430F149单片机,设计出信号输入回路、输出驱动回路、电源部分,给出了系统结构原理图。     

An experimental study of elastic properties of dragonfly-like flapping wings for use in biomimetic micro air vehicles (BMAVs)

This article studies the elastic properties of several biomimetic micro air vehicle (BMAV) wings that are based on a dragonfly wing. BMAVs are a new class of unmanned micro-sized air vehicles that mimic the flapping wing motion of flying biological organisms (e.g., insects, birds, and bats). Three structurally identical wings were fabricated using different materials: acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), and acrylic. Simplified wing frame structures were fabricated from these materials and then a nanocomposite film was adhered to them which mimics the membrane of an actual dragonfly. These wings were then attached to an electromagnetic actu-ator and passively flapped at frequencies of 10–250 Hz. A three-dimensional high frame rate imag-ing system was used to capture the flapping motions of these wings at a resolution of 320 pixels × 240 pixels and 35000 frames per second. The maximum bending angle, maximum wing tip deflection, maximum wing tip twist angle, and wing tip twist speed of each wing were measured and compared to each other and the actual dragonfly wing. The results show that the ABS wing has considerable flexibility in the chordwise direction, whereas the PLA and acrylic wings show better conformity to an actual dragonfly wing in the spanwise direction. Past studies have shown that the aerodynamic performance of a BMAV flapping wing is enhanced if its chordwise flexibility is increased and its spanwise flexibility is reduced. Therefore, the ABS wing (fabricated using a 3D printer) shows the most promising results for future applications.     

汽车ABS模糊控制方法的研究

对模糊控制理论在汽车防抱制动系统(ABS)中的应用进行了研究。在建立了汽车系统模型的基础上,设计了查询表在线插值的模糊控制器。该模糊控制器克服了直接模糊合成和查询表控制的缺点。仿真结果表明,该模糊控制方法能够达到理想的制动效果,并对不同的路面具有较强的适应能力。     

Simulation of asymmetric landing and typical ground maneuvers for large transport aircraft

It is important to determine static and dynamic ground loads for the aircraft ground maneuvers accurately in the design phase. Simulation of the important operational cases is a better way compared to the tests on real aircraft to investigate these loads at a reasonable cost. In this paper, the simulation of an asymmetric landing case and typical ground maneuvers for large transport aircraft is presented. The aircraft models are built in the multibody simulation tool SIMPACK. The tire model implemented in SIMPACK includes lateral dynamics of the tire. Cornering, braked runs and pushback are simulated as typical ground maneuvers. For simulation of braking, a simple but effective Antilock Braking System (ABS) algorithm is implemented. The article is based on the work done in cooperation between DLR and Airbus in the Flexible Aircraft 2 project.     

Response of photosynthetic systems to salinity stress in the desert cyanobacterium Scytonema javanicum

The present study investigated the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Scytonema javanicum, a pioneer species isolated from desert biological crusts, under salinity stress. Pigment analysis showed that salinity decreased chlorophyll a and phycocyanin content, while low salinity increased carotenoid concentration and high salinity decreased carotenoid concentration. Salinity also inhibited CO₂ assimilation rate and photosynthetic oxygen evolution in this cyanobacterium. Chlorophyll a fluorescence transient parameters (φPo, φEo, ψO, RC/ABS, RC/CS, PI_ABS, and PI_CS) were decreased under salt stress, while dVo/dto(Mo), Vj and φDo were increased. The decrease of ETRmax and Yield and the change of chlorophyll a fluorescence transients showed that salt stress had an important influence on photosynthesis. These results indicated that the effects of salinity stress on photosynthesis in S. javanicum may depend on the inhibition of electron transport and the inactivation of the reaction centers, but this inhibition may occur in the electron transport pathway at the PSII donor and acceptor sites.