A survey of safety separation management and collision avoidance approaches of civil UAS operating in integration national airspace system

Recent years have witnessed a booming of the industry of civil Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS). As an emerging industry, the UAS industry has been attracting great attention from governments of all countries and the aviation industry. UAS are highly digitalized, informationized, and intelligent; therefore, their integration into the national airspace system has become an important trend in the development of civil aviation. However, the complexity of UAS operation poses great challenges to the traditional aviation regulatory system and technical means. How to prevent collisions between UASs and between UAS and manned aircraft to achieve safe and efficient operation in the integrated operating airspace has become a common challenge for industry and academia around the world. In recent years, the international community has carried out a great amount of work and experiments in the air traffic management of UAS and some of the key technologies. This paper attempts to make a review of the UAS separation management and key technologies in collision avoidance in the integrated airspace, mainly focusing on the current situation of UAS Traffic Management (UTM), safety separation standards, detection system, collision risk prediction, collision avoidance, safety risk assessment, etc., as well as an analysis of the bottlenecks that the current researches encountered and their development trends, so as to provide some insights and references for further research in this regard. Finally, this paper makes a further summary of some of the research highlights and challenges.     

摩托车空气动力学研究进展

世界摩托车工业已得到很大的发展。随着近几年来中国摩托车产量的迅速上升,加速摩托车的研究是目前摩托车发展的一种趋势。这种研究无论是对提高产品的性能,还是节能降耗部具有重要的意义。摩托车的气动特性是其设计的重要依据。目前德国,日本等国已经利用道路试验、风洞模拟进行这种研究,并促进了产品的开发,但国内的这种研究还有待进一步完善。     

调频多工数据传输技术在交通诱导系统中的应用

针对我国智能型交通的现状,提出了基于调频多工数据传输技术的交通诱导系统。本文在分析研究RDS-TMC技术的基础上,设计了利用RDS技术传输实时交通信息的车载动态导航装置,并介绍了该装置的主要功能模块。在实验室条件下进行了测试,证明设计可行,运行可靠。     

Future spacelift projections

In 1996 the NASA Advisory Council asked for a comprehensive look at future launch projections out to the year 2030 and beyond. In response to this request NASA sponsored a study at The Aerospace Corporation to develop long-range space transportation models for future commercial and government applications, and to analyze the design considerations and desired characteristics for future space transportation systems. Follow-ons to present space missions as well as a wide array of potential new space applications are considered in the study. This paper summarizes the space transportation system characteristics required to enable various classes of future missions. High reliability and the ability to achieve high flight rates per vehicle are shown to be key attributes for achieving more economical launch systems. Technical, economic and policy implications are also discussed.     

一种新型吸气式与火箭组合发动机(LOCE)及先进天地往返运输系统的发展

根据先进天地往返运输系统的要求和火箭与吸气式组合发动机的特点，提出了重复使用的单级入轨飞机吸气式组合发动机方案的优化原则和一种优化的组合发动机循环：高压氢膨胀液化氧气循环吸气式火箭组合发动机（LOCE）。它是一种以火箭技术为基础的吸气式组合发动机，比冲可达35000m／s，其关键是成功地解决了吸气式组合发动机和火箭发动机燃烧室压力的不匹配，其液化效率比普通LACE循环提高了5～7倍。可借用成熟火箭技术，推重比高是低速阶段（Ma＝0～5）的最佳方式之一。     

国内外危险品航空运输管理体系的探讨

以荷兰、德国为例,对其危险物品航空运输的法律体系、培训、管理机构与监察制度等方面进行了分析.这两个国家代表了欧洲危险物品航空运输的体制不同却同样有效的管理模式.通过与中国现状比较分析,得出中国民航危险品航空运输在上述方面已接近,甚至在某些方面超过发达国家水平,中国民航有能力确保危险品航空运输安全.     

基于计划到达时刻的四维航迹规划

为了加速空管自动化与智能化技术的应用与实施,提出了水平航迹与高度/速度剖面分阶段设计的四维航迹规划方法。基于动态时间规整与层次聚类方法实现历史雷达航迹聚类分析,完成水平航迹设计。建立速度剖面规划模型,通过航迹生成器与速度调整器交互协作,精细化控制进场时间,以满足计划到达时间要求。以上海浦东国际机场PINOT进场航班为例实施验证,结果表明,四维航迹规划方法可有效实现航班的计划到达时间,从而减少航班延误,提高终端空域运行效率。     

基于雷达航迹的航空器质量估算

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非定常尾迹输运对动叶气膜冷却流场影响

对不同尾迹宽度下涡轮动叶的气膜冷却流场进行非定常数值研究,研究了尾迹输运对动叶气膜冷却流场的影响机理.计算结果表明:非定常尾迹的总压损失和速度损失而形成低速区,当非定常尾迹输运到冷却孔附近时,尾迹对气膜层的干扰占主导地位,靠近气膜孔的叶片区域冷却效率降低明显.非定常尾迹的影响使得冷却气流被带到压力面叶片下游更广阔的区域,导致气膜冷却沿叶展方向的覆盖范围更广,从而使得压力面气膜冷却效率在尾迹通过时更高一些.当尾迹宽度增大时,对气膜冷却效率的影响程度增大.尾迹对压力面的影响比吸力面更大一些.      

国外航天运输系统防热系统,结构和材料的总体分析研究

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