Solar and Heliospheric Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Rays

The significance of external influences on the environment of Earth and its atmosphere has become evident during recent years. Especially, on time scales of several hundred years, the cosmogenic isotope concentration during the Wolf-, Spoerer-, Maunder- and Dalton-Minimum indicates an increased cosmic ray flux. Because these grand minima of solar activity coincide with cold periods, a correlation of the Earth climate with the cosmic ray intensities is plausible. Any quantitative study of the effects of energetic particles on the atmosphere and environment of the Earth must address their transport to Earth and their interactions with the Earth’s atmosphere including their filtering by the terrestrial magnetosphere. The first problem is one of the fundamental problems in modern cosmic ray astrophysics, and corresponding studies began in the 1960s based on Parker’s cosmic ray modulation theory taking into account diffusion, convection, adiabatic deceleration, and (later) the drift of energetic particles in the global heliospheric magnetic field. It is well established that all of these processes determining the modulation of cosmic rays are depending on parameters that are varying with the solar magnetic cycle. Therefore, the galactic cosmic ray intensities close to Earth is the result of a complex modulation of the interstellar galactic spectrum within the heliosphere. The modern view of this cosmic ray modulation is summarized in our contribution.     

正—反激组合式变换器与单端式变换器的比较

以５０Ｗ变换器为例，分别从磁性元件的大小，功率管上的电应力、磁恢复问题，输出纹波及输出特性等方面，详细分析比较了组合式变换器与单端式变换器的优缺点，并给出了具体数据，提出了正－反激组合式变换器具有电压应力低，磁性元件小，体积小，重量轻，输出纹波小及可靠性高的结论。     

镀膜光纤声光相位调制器频率响应特性的研究

本文对光纤声光相位调制器（OF—AOPM）的频率特性进行研究。分析了OF—AOPM的调相原理，研究结果表明：在调制频率远离氧化锌压电薄膜的半波谐振频率的时候，光相位的调制不仅依靠径向应力。同时还依靠轴向应力。通过同时考虑径向和轴向应力的变化，得出了OF—AOPM在整个频率域范围内的响应特性。     

基于FM-AM转换的伪码调相-载波调频复合引信信号的脉内特征提取研究

伪码调相和载波调频复合信号因具有好的距离、速度分辨率和测速测距精度,所以广泛应用在雷达和引信中。在电子对抗中为了实施欺骗性干扰,必须有效地提取复合信号的参数特征,为此本文研究了FM-AM转换时频分析的理论及其实现方法,并利用该方法对伪码调相-载波调频复合信号进行了脉内特征分析。具体包括伪码调相正弦载波信号、伪码调相复合正弦调频信号及伪码调相复合线性调频信号。仿真结果表明,在信噪比为5dB时,利用FM-AM转换时频分析技术,不但可以提取载波调频的特征信息,而且能够有效提取伪码的特征信息。     

伪码调相与PAM复合测距系统研究

介绍了PAM伪随机码的构成原理,推导了PAM伪随机码的自相关函数和功率谱密度。结合图形分析了它们的性质特点。设计了伪码调相与PAM复合测距系统,并分析了在加性高斯白噪声信道中的各个阶段的信号形式。研究了复合测距系统的性能,详细推导了复合测距系统的信噪比增益。结果表明,与单纯的伪码测距系统相比,复合测距系统有更强的抗干扰性能和测距能力。     

谐振腔光纤陀螺频率调制原理及仿真

简述对谐振腔光纤陀螺入射光进行频率调制的基本方法，采用洛仑兹公式来描述光纤陀螺的传递函数，结合输入信号特征，建立其频域的数学模型，最后给出结果和相关仿真图形，以及关键参数的优化值和优化方向，再对全光路的结构提出具体的配置建议，仿真结果表明，谐振腔光纤陀螺具有良好的线性工作区间，精度也能够得到进一步的提高。     

Wind asymmetries in massive stars

We are in the process of surveying the linear polarization in luminous, early-type stars. We here report on new observations of the B [e] stars S 18 and R 50, and of the Luminous Blue Variables HR Car, R 143, and HD 160529. Together with previously published data, these observations provide clear evidence for the presence of intrinsic polarization in 1 B[e] star (HD 34664) and in 5 LBVs ( Car, P Cyg, R 127, AG Car, and HR Car). The data indicate that anisotropic stellar winds are a common occurrence among massive stars in these particular evolutionary stages. For such stars, mass-loss rates estimated using the assumption of a spherical, homogeneous and stationary outflow may be in error.     

一种小功率逆变电源的设计及实现

介绍了一种小功率逆变电源电路的实现方法。对逆变主电路、电压控制电路、驱动电路、SCOTT电路进行了研究。该逆变电源具有工作可靠、波形失真小的特点。     

合成信号发生器参量的测量不确定度评定

对合成信号发生器测量结果的不确定度进行分析。     

10 Gbit/s伪随机序列光纤通信系统PMD补偿

光纤通信线路检测到的电功率随差分群延迟变化,可作为PMD补偿的反馈控制信号。给出了这一变化关系的理论计算和曲线并通过实验验证这一关系,确定电压信号与DGD的变化关系。建立了一套完整的实验系统,并考虑了影响反馈电压信号的多种因素以及减小这些影响的措施。通过眼图给出的实验结果说明了补偿的效果,还通过误码测试仪测量了补偿前后的接收灵敏度的改变以定量说明补偿的效果,最后比较了不同情况下的补偿结果。