扩张管和燃料部分填充对PDE效能的影响

采用基于有限速率基元化学反应模型的网格自适应有限体积方法,数值模拟以脉冲爆轰发动机为背景的爆轰波通过扩张喷管的流场,研究了喷管形状及喷管充气状况对脉冲爆轰发动机推进性能的影响。结果表明,氢-氧混合物产生爆轰波的等截面爆轰管冲量在某一比例合适的部分填充时达到最大,而对较大扩张角的喷管来说,其冲量一般随喷管内可燃气体填充比例的增加而增加,比冲通常随可燃气体填充比例的减少而增加;合适的喷管和燃料填充系数能使比冲显著提高。     

受均匀内压作用的偏置孔边径向裂纹的应力强度因子的一种求解方法

本文利用一种新的混合法——光弹性实验与权函数解法相结合求解了孔壁受均匀内压作用偏置圆孔边径向裂纹的应力强度因子,该方法具有简单、经济、精度高等优点,对分析复杂应力场中圆孔边穿透裂纹问题,该方法同样适用,且优点更为突出.     

钻孔法测量残余应力时释放系数的标定与计算

 <正> 用钻孔法测量残余应力时,使用的释放系数将对构件的残余应力测量精变产生影响。计算释放系数的理论方法有多种。其中普遍应用的公式,是由弹性力学通孔公式推导的应变片中心点处计算式。     

TC4钛合金紧固件孔E-I强化研究

 介绍TC4(Ti-6Al-4V)钛合金螺栓孔无衬套冷胀孔干涉配合综合强化的研究结果。实验证明,在给定的条件下,冷胀孔强化的TC4板状空孔试件的疲劳寿命增益系数(LIF)为13,干涉配合螺栓连接的LIF=3,而E-l强化件的疲劳寿命比单纯干涉配合又有成倍提高。电镜断口分析表明TC4合金强化件的疲劳裂纹的形成和扩展与LY12CZ及30CrMnSiA相似,它们不表现为典型的角裂纹,即沿板平面和厚向扩展速率有明显差异。对于TC4合金,在改善疲劳品质上,带衬套冷胀孔强化比无衬套冷胀孔强化好得多。     

铝合金薄板焊接热裂敏感性探索

探讨了用钨极氩弧焊焊接铝合金ＬＹ１２ＣＺ及ＬＹ１２Ｍ薄板时其热裂纹的变化规律，并分析了焊接工艺参数及填充材料对热裂纹的影响。试验结果表明，选择合适的工艺参数和填充材料可以明显提高该类合金的抗裂性能。     

异型孔空心叶片壁厚检测的试验研究

发动机叶片的结构型式和制造误差，直接影响发动机的性能和使用寿命。运用超声波法和电涡流法，对两种不同材料和形式的试件进行了试验。电涡流法受到探头直径和试件几何尺寸的影响，测量误差大，超声波法由于存在测量盲区，测量厚度的下限受到限制。但测量值与实际值相关，若对探头加以改进，用于异型孔空心叶片壁厚检测是可行的。     

Spectra and time variability of black-hole binaries in the low/hard state

We propose a jet model for the low/hard state of galactic black-hole X-ray sources which explains the energy spectra from radio to X-rays and a number of timing properties in the X-ray domain such as the time lag spectra, the hardening of the power density spectra and the narrowing of the autocorrelation function with increasing photon energy. The model assumes that (i) there is a magnetic field along the axis of the jet, (ii) the electron density in the jet drops inversely proportional to distance, (iii) the jet is “hotter” near its center than at its periphery, and (iv) the electrons in the jet follow a power-law distribution function. We have performed Monte Carlo simulations of Compton upscattering of soft photons from the accretion disk and have found power-law high-energy spectra with photon-number index in the range 1.5–2 and cutoff at a few hundred keV, power-law time lags versus Fourier frequency with index 0.8, and an increase of the rms amplitude of variability and a narrowing of the autocorrelation function with increasing photon energy as they have been observed in Cygnus X-1. The spectrum at long wavelengths (radio, infrared, optical) is modeled to come from synchrotron radiation of the energetic electrons in the jet. We find flat to inverted radio spectra that extend from the radio up to about the optical band. For magnetic field strengths of the order 10⁵–10⁶ G at the base of the jet, the calculated spectra agree well in slope and flux with the observations.     

飞机数字化装配系统中机身交点孔加工方法研究

针对传统交点孔加工方法加工精度低且存在回弹变形的问题,设计了一种满足飞机大部件数字化装配要求的机身交点孔精加工方法,根据交点孔的加工特性完成了机身定位与固持、数控加工中心定位以及加工工艺的总体设计,确定了交点孔加工程序原点的计算方法和编程原则,最后通过交点孔试切加工试验验证了加工方法的可行性。     

An equilibrium multi-objective optimum design for non-circular clearance hole of disk with discrete variables

An Equilibrium Multi-objective Optimization Model(EMOM) with self-regulated weighting factors has been proposed for the optimum design of non-circular clearance hole on the front flange of turbine disk. In the ‘‘equilibrium design", both the stress decrease around the hole and the least hole's profile variation are considered, which balances two ambivalent design goals. Specific discrete variables are applied to realize the standardization design in the optimization process, in which a Surrogate Genetic Coding Algorithm(SGCA) is introduced, and a special check module is used to get rid of repeated fitness evaluation of the samples. The method offers an equilibrium design for the non-circular clearance hole of the turbine disk with great accuracy and efficiency.     

Machining of a film-cooling hole in a single-crystal superalloy by high-speed electrochemical discharge drilling

Single-crystal superalloys are typical advanced materials used for manufacturing aeroengine turbine blades. Their unique characteristics of high hardness and strength make them exceedingly difficult to machine. However, a key structure of a turbine blade, the film-cooling hole,needs to be machined in a single-crystal superalloy; such machining is challenging, especially considering the increasing levels of machining efficiency and quality demanded by the aeroengine industry. Tube electrode high-speed electrochemical discharge drilling(TSECDD), a hybrid technique of high-speed electrical discharge drilling and electrochemical machining, provides high machining efficiency and accuracy, as well as eliminating the recast layer. In this study, TSECDD is used to machine a film-cooling hole in a nickel-based single-crystal superalloy(DD6). The Taguchi methods of experiment are used to optimise the machining parameters. Experimental results show that TSECDD can effectively drill the film-cooling hole; the optimum parameters that give the best performance are as follows: pulse duration: 12 ls, pulse interval: 30 ls, peak current:6 A, and salt solution conductivity: 3 m S/cm. Finally, a hole is machined by TSECDD, and the results are compared with those obtained by electrical discharge machining. TSECDD is found to be promising for improving the surface quality and eliminating the recast layer.