Al—Si过共晶合金中初生硅溶解特性的实验研究

利用等温液淬及快速凝固技术研究了Ａｌ－１８．０８％Ｓｉ合金中初生硅在液态中的溶解行为。实验表明，合金液加热到１０００℃以下，保温２ｈ，初生硅仍未完全溶入液态合金。初生硅的溶解速率随时间延长而减小。快速凝固证实初生硅在液态合金中具有较高的化学稳定性。     

镍基非晶态及晶态钎料真空钎焊时母材溶解模型特性的研究

以楔形变钎焊间隙试样为对象，研究了采用Ｎｉ８２Ｃｒ７．５Ｓｉ４．５Ｂ３Ｆｅ３成分的镍基非晶态及晶态钎料真空钎焊１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ不锈钢时液态钎料对固态母材的溶解，建立了高温钎焊时母材溶解厚度（溶解深度）定量计算的物理－数学模型。平行等间隙及楔形变间隙试样真空钎焊试验结果表明，钎焊温度钎焊保温时间及钎焊间隙等参数对母材溶解有重要影响，并表明该模型具有较高的准确性，能够用于研究高温钎焊时钎料对母材的溶解特性，并进行溶蚀性评价。     

以溶解称量法研究包膜控释尿素的氮素释放规律

研究和应用控释肥料在实现高产、高效、环保的现代农业方面意义重大。制备了桐油包膜控释尿素,以溶解称量法测定和分析了包膜控释尿素的氮素释放规律,着重讨论了控释包膜材料组成对控释尿素氮素释放规律和控释性能的影响。结果表明,所制备的包膜尿素控释性能优良,达到日本等国控释肥标准。随着样品中桐油和滑石粉的含量增加,控释尿素的初期溶出率减小,微分溶出率下降。提高增塑剂、或活性剂、或疏水剂的比例,控释尿素的初期溶出率降低,微分溶出率会升高。催化剂对样品养分释放速率的影响比较复杂。     

镍基非晶态及晶态钎料真空钎焊时母材在钎料中溶解特性的研究

以高温钎焊时液态钎料对母材溶解厚度的定量计算模型为基础，考察了采用Ｎｉ８２Ｃｒ７．５Ｓｉ４．５Ｂ３Ｆｅ３成分的镍基非晶态及晶态钎料真空高温钎焊１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ不锈钢时钎料对母材的溶解特性，深入研究了钎焊温度、钎焊保温时间以及钎焊间隙等参数对母材溶解厚度的影响。结果表明，钎焊温度对母材溶蚀的影响比钎焊保温时间剧烈，而钎焊间隙增加明显促进了母材的溶解，采用母材溶解厚度计算模型可对溶蚀控制条件下的钎焊规范及钎焊间隙等参数进行优化匹配。     

纯铝在0．6mol／LNaCl溶液中腐蚀行为的SECM分析

采用扫描电化学显微镜(SECM)系统研究了1060纯铝在0.6mol/LNaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,利用扫描电镜(sEM)观察了腐蚀产物的微观形貌,采用能谱分析了腐蚀产物的组成.结果表明,1060纯铝表面不同区域活性溶解程度不同,且试样表面的氧化电流峰分布呈条带状;腐蚀溶解主要发生在FeAlx相周围;试样表面的腐蚀产物数量较少、分布不均匀,腐蚀点主要呈圆环形.     

搅拌摩擦加工调控镁合金组织与耐腐蚀性能的发展现状与趋势

近年来,航空航天领域轻量化进程发展迅速,镁合金在其中扮演着越来越重要的角色.然而,镁合金耐腐蚀性不佳的特点制约了镁合金的应用范围.本文综述了搅拌摩擦加工技术调控含第二相镁合金耐腐蚀性能的研究现状,从动态再结晶和加速第二相破碎、固溶两个角度,论述了搅拌摩擦加工调控镁合金组织的基本原理,并分析了搅拌摩擦加工改善含粗大第二相...     

Effect of no-load rate on recast layer cutting by ultra fine wire-EDM

Via material erosion in wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM), recast layers form on the surfaces of workpiece. In addition, ultra fine Wire-EDM can be usually cut once. To reduce the thickness of the recast layer as much as possible, the wire electrical discharge-electrochemical machining (WEDCM) method was proposed, which is based on the micro conductivity of the dielectric and microelectrolytic characteristics by adjusting the no-load rate of the pulse in the machining process. Furthermore, a state discrimination and servo control system based on discharge current was designed. The experiment results of different no-load rates show that the electrolytic effects increase as the no-load rate increases, and the main machining process is spark discharge erosion with a no-load rate in the range of 10% to 80%. At 90% no-load rate, the amount of recast layer formation in the forward direction of the wire electrode is almost the same as that of electrolytic dissolution, and it can be practically processed without a recast layer. Compared with 10% no-load rate, the kerf width only increases by 7.5%.     

聚合物混溶的热力学分析

在小分子溶液热力学理论的基础上,介绍了对聚合物溶液体系采用Flory-Huggins晶格模型理论的结果;分析了聚合物完全溶解的必要条件和充分条件;根据温度、浓度及分子量对聚合物溶解性的影响,引出临界溶解温度、临界浓度、临界相互作用参数的概念。     

Investigation of Formation Process of the Chrome-free Passivation Film of Electrodeposited Zinc

The feasibility was investigated to substitute chrome-free passivation treatment of electrodeposited zinc in a titanium bath for chromate passivation treatment. The formation mechanism of the chrome-free passivation film was further analyzed. The surface mor- phologies and the elemental compositions of the treated samples with varied immersion times were observed by scanning electron mi- croscopy (SEM) and determined by energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS), respectively. The electrode potential of the sample surface was recorded in the film formation process. The changes of the electrode potential are in accordance with that of SEM and EDS of the sample surface. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show the chrome-free passivation film composed of ZnO, SiO2, TiO2, Zn4Si2O7(OH)2, and SrF2. The anode zinc dissolution and the local pH value increase due to the cathode hydrogen ion reduction process result in the formation of the chrome-free passivation film. The macro-images of the chrome-free passivation films formed on electrodeposited zinc show that the color of the film changes from blue to iridescence with the increase of the immersion times.     

纯钛及其合金表面纳米多孔TiO2膜的制备研究

在含有HF酸和C rO3的电解液中,恒压直流阳极氧化法可以在TA 1和TC 4表面分别制备获得纳米多孔T iO2膜。各阳极氧化参数对于纳米多孔膜的宏观形貌、微观结构等都有着重要的影响。随着阳极氧化电压的增高,纳米多孔T iO2膜的平均孔径值和氧化膜厚度也随之增大;随着氧化时间的延长,氧化膜的厚度在一定范围内不断增厚,当达到极限值后保持不变;在较高电压下,随着氧化时间的延长,纳米多孔T iO2膜的平均孔径值明显增大;在较低电压下,随着氧化时间的延长,纳米多孔T iO2膜的平均孔径值没有明显的变化。试验表明纳米多孔T iO2膜的生长过程强烈依赖于电场支持下电解液对钛基体的溶解过程(即场致溶解过程)。